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Microbes - 2

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Which of the following causes AIDS?

  1. Amoeba

  2. HIV

  3. Vibrio cholera

  4. Lactobacillus

  5. Plasmodium vivax


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

HIV (Human Immuno-deficiency Virus) causes acquired immune-deficiency syndrome or AIDS. It is a retro virus with RNA as genetic material.

Citrus canker disease is caused by

  1. Virus

  2. Fungus

  3. Protozoa

  4. Helminth worms

  5. Bacterium


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Bacterium causes citrus canker.

Which of the following cause(s) yellow mosaic disease of bhindi (okra)?

  1. Virus

  2. Bacteria

  3. Fungus

  4. Helminth worms

  5. Protozoa


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis.

An example of food item preserved in sugar is

  1. jams and jellies

  2. milk

  3. pickle

  4. fish

  5. raw mangoes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Jams and jellies are preserved in sugar.

Which step of nitrogen cycle is not appreciated by farmers?

  1. Lightning fixes nitrogen as compounds in the soil.

  2. Blue-green algae fix nitrogen as compounds in the soil.

  3. Denitrifying bacteria turn the nitrogen compounds back into gaseous nitrogen.

  4. Ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, etc., remain in the soil.

  5. Presence of rhizobium in root nodules.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This step reduces fertility. Hence, it limits plant growth and causes loss to the farmer.

Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium. How does an infant get immunity against this disease?

  1. By OPV

  2. By TT

  3. DPT

  4. Anti-venin injection

  5. BCG


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

BCG vaccine gives immunity against the tuberculosis bacterium. 

Malaria, a protozoan disease, is spread through

  1. wind

  2. mosquito

  3. water

  4. food

  5. droplet infection


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Female anopheles mosquito is the vector that carries plasmodium.

Why are some microbes used in sewage treatment?

  1. They enhance soil fertility.

  2. They cause diseases.

  3. They are used to degrade the organic wastes present in the medium.

  4. They cause spoilage of food.

  5. They help to make dough rise.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Such microbes help to degrade the organic wastes present in water, reducing their BOD or polluting potential. This feature is made use of in STP's (sewage treatment plants).

Which of the following human diseases is caused by a virus?

  1. Ringworms

  2. Filaria

  3. Ascariasis

  4. Hepatitis-B

  5. Typhoid


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Virus causes Hepatitis-B.

Which microbe helps in the baking industry?

  1. Virus

  2. Yeast

  3. Protozoan

  4. Helminth worm

  5. Streptococcus


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae or yeast is extensively used in the baking industry to make the dough rise by fermentation.

Which of these is not a communicable disease?

  1. Cholera

  2. Allergy

  3. Common cold

  4. Chicken pox

  5. Tuberculosis


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Allergy is not a communicable disease.

What is fermentation?

  1. Action of rhizobium inside the nodule.

  2. Cleaning up of wastes in water by microbes.

  3. Chemicals from one microbe being effective against a harmful microbe.

  4. Conversion of sugar into alcohol.

  5. Transmission of disease from one person to another by an insect.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Conversion of sugar into alcohol by the action of microbes is called fermentation.

Rust disease in wheat is caused by

  1. bacterium

  2. virus

  3. protozoan

  4. fungus

  5. helminth worms


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fungus is responsible for rust disease in wheat.

What does our body naturally produce when a pathogen has entered it?

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Alcohol

  3. Antibodies

  4. Anti-venin

  5. Preservatives


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Antibodies attack the pathogen which enters the body, and destroys it. This gives protection to our body,

The dreaded foot and mouth disease in cattle is caused by

  1. bacterium

  2. virus

  3. protozoa

  4. fungus

  5. helminth worms


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Virus causes foot and mouth disease in cattle.

Which of these pathogens causes anthrax?

  1. Tubercle bacillus

  2. Vibrio cholera

  3. Plasmodium falciparum

  4. Varicella zoxter

  5. Bacillus anthracis


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax.

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