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Hormones and Their Actions (GATE - XL)

Description: GAte
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: GAte Hormones and Their Actions
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Which of the following is an example of aggregation pheromone?

  1. Bombykol

  2. Civetone

  3. Gerdiol

  4. Muskone

  5. Queen substance


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Aggregation pheromones help in making a group of the animals of the same species. Gerdiol is an aggregation pheromone of honey bee.

Which of the following pairs represent(s) synergesic hormones?

  1. FSH and LH
  2. Insulin and glucagon
  3. Thyrocalcitonin and paratharmone
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 2 and 3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When two hormones work together, then those hormones are known as synergesic hormones. For example, FSH and LH.

Which of the following statements regarding hormones are false?

P. Hormones are produced by endocrine glands. Q. Hormones are always proteins. R. Hormones are secreted into blood prior to use. S. Hormones are antigenic.

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. P and S

  4. Q and R

  5. Q and S


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Correct answer. Hormones may be amino acids, amino acid derivatives, steroids, polypeptides or proteins, amines or glycoproteins. Hormones are non-antigenic, i.e. no antibody formation against hormones takes place.

Which of the following is a pair of synthetic estrogens?

  1. Estrone and Estriol

  2. Diethylstilbestrol and Fosfestrol

  3. Estriol and Fosfestrol

  4. Chlorotrianisene and Estrone

  5. Estrone and Fosfestrol


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct answer. Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen that was first synthesised in 1938. Fosfestrol is a synthetic estrogen used as an antineoplastic agent.

Which of the following sets contains hormones secreted by adrenal cortex?

  1. Cortisol, Oxytonin, Epinephrine

  2. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Oxytonin

  3. Cortisone, Aldosterone, Corticosterone

  4. Cortisone, Norepinephrine, Oxytonin

  5. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Aldosterone


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct answer. Cortisone, aldosterone and corticosterone all are secreted by adrenal cortex.

Which of the following sets consists of endocrine glands?

  1. Pituitary gland, Lachrymal gland, Tarsal gland

  2. Bowman’s gland, Lachrymal gland, Mammary gland

  3. Tarsal gland, Pineal gland, Mammary gland

  4. Pineal gland, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland

  5. Hypothalamus, Bowman’s gland, Tarsal gland


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. Pineal gland, hypothalamus and pituitary gland are endocrine glands.

Which of the following are the examples of natural plant growth hormones?

i. IAA ii. GA3 iii. Zeatin iv. 2,4-D v. IBA

  1. i, ii and iii

  2. i, iv and v

  3. ii and iv

  4. iii and v

  5. iii, iv and v


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

All are natural plant growth hormones. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the most common, naturally-occurring, natural plant growth regulator hormone of the auxin class. Gibberellic acid (GA3) is an important natural plant growth regulator that is used commercially to increase plant growth and crop yields. Zeatin is a member of the plant growth regulator hormone family known as cytokinins.  

Which of the following is a set of hormones released by anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

  1. ADH, LTH, MSH

  2. FSH, LTH, STH

  3. ADH, STH, MSH

  4. FSH, MSH, STH

  5. ADH, FSH, LTH


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteotropic hormone (LTH) and Somatotropic hormone (STH) are all anterior pituitary hormones.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Insulin is secreted by the by β-cells islets of Langerhans.

  2. Human insulin is a polypeptide of 51 amino acids arranged in a single chain.

  3. Banting and Best isolated insulin from a dog’s pancreas.

  4. Insulin regulates carbohydrate metabolism.

  5. Humulin is synthetic human insulin.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Human insulin is a polypeptide of 51 amino acids arranged in two chains (A and B) bearing 21 and 30 amino acids, respectively.

Which of the following sets represents synthetic estrogens?

  1. Chlorotrianisene, Estrone, Estriol

  2. Diethylstilbestrol, Estrone, Fosfestrol

  3. Estriol, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  4. Chlorotrianisene, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  5. Estrone, Estriol, Fosfestrol


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. Chlorotrianisene is a non-steroidal synthetic estrogen that was formerly used for the treatment of menopause, deficiencies in the functioning of ovaries and prostate cancer. Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen that was first synthesised in 1938. Fosfestrol is a synthetic estrogen used as an antineoplastic agent.

Which of the following statements regarding adrenocorticotropic hormone is TRUE?

  1. It is produced and secreted by the hyothalamus gland.

  2. It is a single polypeptide containing 39 amino acids.

  3. Its precursor corticotropin-releasing hormone is released from the posterior pituitary gland.

  4. Human ACTH has a molecular weight of 540 atomic mass unit.

  5. Excessive secretion of ACTH causes Addison's disease.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This option is correct because ACTH consists of 39 amino acids.

Which of the following is a pair of synthetic auxins used as herbicides?

  1. IAA and IBA

  2. IAA and NAA

  3. 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T

  4. IBA and 2,4-D

  5. IBA and NAA


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct answer. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a common systemic pesticide/herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. It is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world and is the third most commonly used herbicide in North America. 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin (plant hormone). 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), a synthetic auxin, is a chlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicide used to defoliate broad-leafed plants.

Match the following:

 
Column - I Column - II
P. Secretin 1. Adrenal gland
Q. Melatonin 2. Posterior pitutory
R. Oxytocin 3. Intestinal mucosa
S. Epinephrine 4. Pineal gland
  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 3, S - 4

  2. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 2, S - 1

  4. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1

  5. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Secretin is produced by intestinal mucosa and inhibits secretion of gastric juice. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland. Oxytocin is secreted from the posterior lobe of pituitary. Epinephrine is the hormone from medulla of the adrenal gland.

______________ are two hormones that stimulate pancreatic juice secretion.

  1. Cholecystokinin and pancreozymin

  2. Pepsin and rennin

  3. Pancreozymin and pepsin

  4. Rennin and cholecystokinin

  5. Pepsin and cholecystokinin


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Correct answer. Cholecystokinin and pancreozymin are two hormones that stimulate the secretion of pancreatic juice. Cholecystokinin causes contraction of the gall bladder and discharges the bile into the duodenum. Pancreozymin also stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin and glucagon.

Match the following:

 
Column I Column II
P. MSH 1. Hyperpigmentation
Q. PTH 2. Pancreatic defects
R. GSH 3. Gigantism
S. TSH 4. Thyroid enlargement
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  3. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3

  4. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 4; S - 1

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Correct answer. Hypersecretion of melanophore stimulating hormone (MSH) causes hyperpigmentation. Hypersecretion of pancreotropic hormone (PTH) causes defects in pancreas. Hypersecretion of growth stimulating hormone (GSH) causes gigantism. Hypersecretion of thyrotrophic stimulating hormone (TSH) causes enlargement of thyroid.

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