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Plant Biochemistry

Description: Plant physiology multiple choice
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Plant biochemistry Medical Entrance B.Sc. Entrance
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Casparian strip refers to a woody band of tissue found in the endodermis of cell wall of plants. Casparian strip is composed of __________.

  1. lignin

  2. suberin

  3. lectin

  4. cellulose

  5. glycoprotein


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Casparian strip is composed of a wax like substance called suberin, which blocks water and solute movement through the endodermis.

Cell membranes exhibit various mechanisms for transport of various substances in and out of cell. The mechanism by which water moves out of the cell by osmosis causing protoplast to shrink is known as ________.

  1. diffusion

  2. imbibition

  3. wilting

  4. plasmolysis

  5. capillarity


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

If a turgid plant cell is placed in a solution having more solutes, water will move out of the cell by osmosis causing protoplast to shrink and plasma membrane folding inward. The mechanism is called plasmolysis.

There are 20 different amino acids known. The amino acids cysteine and methionine contain the following common element _________.

  1. magnesium

  2. potassium

  3. phosphorus

  4. sulphur

  5. iron


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sulphur is present in 2 amino acids cysteine and methionine.

Nitrogenase and nitrate reductase are the vital enzymes that participate in nitrogen metabolism. Which of the following element is an important component of both nitrogenase and nitrate reductase?

  1. Molybdenum

  2. Magnesium

  3. Copper

  4. Manganese

  5. Zinc


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Molybdenum is a component of several enzymes including nitrogenase and nitrate reductase, which participate in nitrogen metabolism.

Various bacteria play major roles in nitrogen cycle and nitrogen fixation. The conversion of ammonia to nitrite is carried out by _________.

  1. Nitrosomonas

  2. Nitrobacter

  3. Pseudomonas

  4. Azotobacter

  5. Clostridium


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The bacteria Nitrosomonas brings about the conversion of ammonia to nitrite. 

Drought is a significant environmental stressor that affects overall plant growth. The drought stress response in plants includes complex adaptive biological processes that help plants to survive under various conditions. Which of the following amino acids accumulates as a response to drought stress condition of plants?

  1. Tryptophan

  2. Methionine

  3. Proline

  4. Glutamic acid

  5. Glycine


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Proline accumulates as a response to drought stress condition of plants.

C3 plants refer to the plants that produce 3-Phosphoglycerate (PGA), a 3-carbon molecule as the first stable product of dark reaction of photosynthesis. Which of the following plants are termed C3 plants?

  1. Maize

  2. Rice

  3. Sugarcane

  4. Sorghum

  5. Pearl millet


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rice is a typical example of C3 plant, 3-Phosphoglycerate (PGA), being the first stable product of dark reaction of photosynthesis.

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) refers to the amount of light accessible for photosynthesis in green plants. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) refers to which of the following spectrum of light?

  1. 200 – 400 nm

  2. 10 – 100 nm

  3. 400 – 700 nm

  4. 750 – 900 nm

  5. 800 – 1000 nm


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) refers to the visible spectrum of light between 400 – 700 nm.

Aromatic amino acids refer to the amino acids possessing an aromatic ring. Which of the following amino acids is an aromatic amino acid?

  1. Lysine

  2. Glycine

  3. Phenylalanine

  4. Valine

  5. Glutamic acid


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Phenylalanine is an aromatic amino acid.

The dark reaction of photosynthesis or Calvin Cycle refers to the pathway in which the free energy of ATP and reducing power of NADPH are used to fix CO2 to form carbohydrate. The first stable product of the dark reaction of photosynthesis is called _____________.

  1. RuBP

  2. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

  3. RuBisCO

  4. phosphoglycolate

  5. 3-Phosphoglycerate


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

3-Phosphoglycerate (PGA), a 3 carbon molecule is the first stable product of dark reaction of photosynthesis. Hence this pathway is also called C3 pathway.

Anti-auxins are substances that competitively inhibit the activities of auxins. Which of the following is an example of anti-auxins?

  1. Morphactins

  2. Parascorbic acid

  3. Vernalin

  4. Flavonoids

  5. Indole-3-propionic acid


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Parascorbic acid is an example of anti-auxin.

Many blue green algae are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Which of the following structures play a significant role in nitrogen fixation in the blue green algae?

  1. Akinetes

  2. Aplanospores

  3. Trichogyne

  4. Heterocysts

  5. Parthenospores


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Heterocysts refer to the specialized cells found in certain filamentous blue green algae that are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen.

Phytotropins are specialized class of auxin transport inhibitors. Which of the following is an example of phytotropins?

  1. Naphthylphthalamic acid

  2. Indole-3-propionic acid

  3. Parascorbic acid

  4. Vernalin

  5. PCIB


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Naphthylphthalamic acid is one of the potent phytotropins.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the most vital plant growth hormones. Which of the following compounds represents the precursor of abscisic acid?

  1. Zeaxanthin

  2. Campesterol

  3. Tryptophan

  4. Furfural

  5. Ent-kaurene


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Zeaxanthin represents the first committed precursor of abscisic acid (ABA).

Auxins are vital phytohormones that play various roles in growth responses. Auxins may be either naturally occurring or synthetic compounds. Which of the following is an example of synthetic auxin?

  1. Indole ethanol

  2. Indole acetaldehyde

  3. Indole acetonitrile

  4. Phenylacetic acid

  5. Indole butyric acid


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Indole butyric acid is an example of synthetic auxin.

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