4/4 time signature indicates four beats per measure, with each beat being a quarter note.

A riff is a short, repeated musical phrase that is often used in popular music.

Syncopation is a rhythmic pattern in which the accent is placed on a weak beat, creating a sense of tension and release.

Time signature indicates the number of beats in a measure and the value of each beat.

6/8 time signature is an example of a compound meter, where two beats are grouped together to form a single compound beat.

Meter refers to the regular pattern of strong and weak beats that creates a sense of pulse in music.

1 e & a 2 e & a is an example of a syncopated rhythm, where the accent is placed on the weak beat (&).

Beat refers to the division of a measure into smaller units of time, which are typically represented by notes.

3 2 1 is an example of a hemiola, where a group of three beats is divided into two beats and one beat.

Tempo refers to the speed of a musical piece, typically measured in beats per minute (BPM).

3 against 2 is an example of a polyrhythm, where two different rhythmic patterns are played simultaneously.

Cadence refers to the ending of a musical phrase or section, often characterized by a sense of resolution.

3 over 4 is an example of a cross-rhythm, where a rhythmic pattern in one meter is superimposed on a different meter.

Tempo rubato refers to a sudden change in tempo or dynamics, often used to create a sense of expressiveness.

Hold is an example of a fermata, which indicates that a note or chord should be sustained for a longer duration than its written value.