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The Empiricist Theory of Ethics

Description: Welcome to the quiz on the Empiricist Theory of Ethics! This quiz will test your understanding of the key concepts and arguments associated with this theory. Good luck!
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: ethics empiricism moral knowledge experience
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According to the Empiricist Theory of Ethics, what is the primary source of moral knowledge?

  1. Reason and logic

  2. Intuition and revelation

  3. Experience and observation

  4. Cultural norms and traditions


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Empiricists believe that moral knowledge is derived from our experiences and observations of the world around us.

Who is considered to be the father of Empiricism?

  1. Plato

  2. Aristotle

  3. John Locke

  4. David Hume


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

John Locke is widely regarded as the father of Empiricism, having developed the theory in his work, 'An Essay Concerning Human Understanding'.

What is the central idea behind the Empiricist Theory of Ethics?

  1. Moral values are objective and universal.

  2. Moral values are subjective and relative.

  3. Moral values are derived from reason and logic.

  4. Moral values are determined by cultural norms and traditions.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that moral values are subjective and relative, meaning they are based on individual experiences and perspectives.

How do Empiricists argue that moral knowledge is acquired?

  1. Through innate moral intuitions.

  2. Through divine revelation.

  3. Through rational deduction.

  4. Through experience and observation.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Empiricists believe that moral knowledge is acquired through our experiences and observations of the consequences of our actions.

What is the role of reason in the Empiricist Theory of Ethics?

  1. Reason is the primary source of moral knowledge.

  2. Reason is used to justify and explain moral beliefs.

  3. Reason is irrelevant to moral decision-making.

  4. Reason is used to derive moral principles from experience.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that reason can be used to justify and explain moral beliefs, but it is not the primary source of moral knowledge.

What is the Empiricist critique of the idea of innate moral intuitions?

  1. Innate moral intuitions are unreliable.

  2. Innate moral intuitions are culturally determined.

  3. Innate moral intuitions are subjective and vary from person to person.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that innate moral intuitions are unreliable, culturally determined, and subjective, and therefore cannot be a reliable source of moral knowledge.

According to Empiricism, what is the relationship between moral values and emotions?

  1. Moral values are independent of emotions.

  2. Moral values are determined by emotions.

  3. Moral values and emotions are closely related.

  4. Moral values and emotions are unrelated.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that moral values and emotions are closely related, with emotions playing a significant role in shaping our moral judgments.

What is the Empiricist view on the objectivity of moral values?

  1. Moral values are objective and universal.

  2. Moral values are subjective and relative.

  3. Moral values are a combination of objective and subjective elements.

  4. Moral values are entirely subjective and vary from person to person.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that moral values are subjective and relative, meaning they are based on individual experiences and perspectives, and there is no objective standard of morality.

Which Empiricist philosopher argued that moral judgments are based on feelings of pleasure and pain?

  1. John Locke

  2. David Hume

  3. George Berkeley

  4. Thomas Hobbes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

David Hume argued that moral judgments are based on feelings of pleasure and pain, and that these feelings are the foundation of our moral beliefs.

What is the Empiricist response to the argument from moral disagreement?

  1. Moral disagreement is evidence of the objectivity of moral values.

  2. Moral disagreement is evidence of the subjectivity of moral values.

  3. Moral disagreement is irrelevant to the question of the objectivity of moral values.

  4. Moral disagreement is a sign of moral progress.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that moral disagreement is evidence of the subjectivity of moral values, as it shows that there is no universal agreement on what is right and wrong.

According to Empiricism, what is the role of experience in moral decision-making?

  1. Experience is irrelevant to moral decision-making.

  2. Experience is the primary factor in moral decision-making.

  3. Experience is one of several factors that influence moral decision-making.

  4. Experience is the sole factor that determines moral decision-making.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that experience is one of several factors that influence moral decision-making, along with reason, emotions, and cultural norms.

Which Empiricist philosopher argued that moral judgments are based on sympathy and fellow-feeling?

  1. John Locke

  2. David Hume

  3. Adam Smith

  4. Jeremy Bentham


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adam Smith argued that moral judgments are based on sympathy and fellow-feeling, and that our moral sentiments are rooted in our ability to empathize with others.

What is the Empiricist view on the relationship between morality and religion?

  1. Morality is independent of religion.

  2. Morality is derived from religion.

  3. Morality and religion are closely related.

  4. Morality and religion are unrelated.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Empiricists argue that morality is independent of religion, and that moral values can be justified without reference to religious beliefs.

Which Empiricist philosopher argued that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of morality?

  1. John Locke

  2. David Hume

  3. Jeremy Bentham

  4. John Stuart Mill


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Jeremy Bentham argued that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of morality, and that actions should be judged based on their consequences.

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