Mandatory Access Control (MAC) is not a common data access control model. DAC, RBAC, and ABAC are more commonly used.

In DAC, the data owner is responsible for granting and revoking access permissions.

Guest is not a common RBAC role. Administrator, Manager, and User are more commonly used.

In ABAC, access permissions are granted based on the user's role, the user's attributes, and the resource's attributes.

Biometrics is not a common authorization mechanism. ACLs, Capabilities, and Tokens are more commonly used.

ACLs can be stored in the file system, in the database, or in the application.

Capabilities are typically implemented using cryptographic keys.

Tokens are typically used to both authenticate and authorize users.

Biometrics are typically used for authentication, not authorization.

Allowing users to share their passwords is not a common data access control best practice.

Allowing users to bypass authorization checks is not a common authorization mechanism best practice.

Firewalls are not a common data access control tool. ACLs, RBAC, and ABAC are more commonly used.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are not a common authorization mechanism tool. Tokens, Certificates, and Biometrics are more commonly used.

PCI DSS is not a common data access control standard. ISO 27001, ISO 27002, and NIST SP 800-53 are more commonly used.

XACML is not a common authorization mechanism standard. ISO 27001, ISO 27002, and NIST SP 800-53 are more commonly used.