Accent refers to the relative prominence of a note or chord in a musical phrase, typically achieved through increased loudness, duration, or articulation.

The caret symbol (^) is commonly used in musical notation to indicate an accent, placed above the note or chord to be accented.

Accentuation refers to the placement of accents in a musical phrase, determining the pattern of emphasized notes or chords.

Accents can be applied to notes, chords, and even rests in a musical phrase, depending on the composer's intent and the desired effect.

Crescendo refers to the gradual increase in loudness leading up to an accented note or chord, creating a sense of anticipation and emphasis.

The dynamic marking sfz (sforzando) indicates a sudden and strong accent, often used to emphasize a particular note or chord.

Accentuation refers to the placement of accents on strong beats in a musical meter, creating a sense of rhythmic regularity and pulse.

Jazz music is known for its frequent use of syncopated accents, creating a sense of rhythmic complexity and improvisation.

Syncopation refers to the placement of accents on weak beats in a musical meter, creating a sense of rhythmic surprise and disruption.

Articulation can be used to emphasize notes, chords, and even rests in a musical phrase, shaping the attack, decay, and release of each sound.

Staccato refers to the sudden and detached articulation of a note, creating a sense of separation and rhythmic precision.

A slur is an articulation marking indicating a smooth and connected articulation between two or more notes, creating a sense of legato playing.

Tenuto refers to the sustained articulation of a note, holding it for its full value and emphasizing its duration.

Marcato is an articulation marking indicating a strong and accented articulation, often used to emphasize a particular note or chord.

Accents and emphasis play a crucial role in shaping the overall musical expression by creating rhythmic drive, adding variety, and conveying the composer's intended mood and emotion.