The Whig Party and the Tory Party, considered the first modern political parties, emerged in the United Kingdom in the late 17th century.

The Federalist Party, led by George Washington, won the first general election in the United States in 1789.

The Radical Party, known for its commitment to secularism and republicanism, was the dominant force in French politics during the Third Republic.

The Social Democratic Party, led by Friedrich Ebert, played a crucial role in the establishment of universal suffrage in Germany after the First World War.

The Labour Party, led by Ramsay MacDonald, formed its first government in the United Kingdom in 1924, becoming the first Labour government in British history.

Christian Democracy, led by Alcide De Gasperi, was the dominant political force in Italy from the end of World War II until the early 1990s.

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, led by Felipe Gonzalez, won the first democratic elections in Spain after the death of Francisco Franco in 1975.

Solidarity, led by Lech Walesa, was a political movement and trade union that played a pivotal role in the collapse of communism in Poland.

The African National Congress, led by Nelson Mandela, won its first democratic elections in South Africa in 1994, marking the end of apartheid.

The Liberal Democratic Party, founded in 1955, has been the dominant force in Japanese politics for most of the post-war era.

The Christian Democratic Party, led by Patricio Aylwin, won the first democratic elections in Chile after the end of Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship in 1989.

Civic Forum, led by Vaclav Havel, was a political movement that played a key role in the overthrow of communism in Czechoslovakia.

The Workers' Party, led by Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, won the first democratic elections in Brazil after the end of the military dictatorship in 1989.

The Institutional Revolutionary Party, founded in 1929, was the dominant force in Mexican politics for over 70 years.

The Democratic Party, led by Kim Dae-jung, won the first democratic elections in South Korea after the end of military rule in 1987.