Structural functionalism views society as a complex system of interconnected parts, each of which contributes to the overall functioning of the whole.

Symbolic interactionism emphasizes the role of symbols, language, and interaction in shaping individual perceptions and behaviors.

Social conflict theory views society as a場 of struggle between different social groups over resources and power.

Feminist theory argues that gender inequality is rooted in cultural beliefs and norms that assign different roles and values to men and women.

Cultural anthropology studies the diverse cultures of human societies and how they influence individual behavior and social interactions.

Postmodernism rejects the idea of objective truth and argues that knowledge is shaped by social, historical, and cultural factors.

Technological determinism argues that technological innovations drive social change and shape social structures and relationships.

Rational choice theory assumes that individuals make decisions by weighing the potential costs and benefits of different options.

Ethnomethodology studies how individuals make sense of and navigate everyday social interactions.

Critical theory argues that knowledge is not neutral but rather serves to maintain and reinforce existing power structures.

Social network theory studies the patterns of relationships between individuals and how these relationships influence individual behavior and social outcomes.

Social exchange theory argues that individuals engage in social interactions to maximize their own benefits and rewards.

Discourse analysis studies how language and discourse are used to construct and maintain social reality.

Structuralism argues that language is not simply a means of expressing thought but rather shapes and structures the way we think about the world.

Emotional sociology studies the role of emotions and feelings in social life and how they shape social interactions and relationships.