Sea sponges are known to produce a variety of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics, which have potential applications in treating bacterial infections.

Red algae, particularly species of the genus Gelidium and Gracilaria, are the primary source of agar, a polysaccharide used as a gelling agent and solidifying agent in various applications.

Jellyfish, specifically species of the phylum Cnidaria, possess bioluminescent organs called photophores, which enable them to produce light through a chemical reaction.

Mariculture refers to the cultivation of marine organisms, including fish, shellfish, and algae, in controlled environments for commercial purposes.

Shark cartilage contains chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan that has been studied for its potential in alleviating pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis.

Marine enzymes are used in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of various drugs, including antibiotics, antiviral agents, and anticancer drugs.

Brown algae, particularly species of the genus Fucus, are a source of fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide with potential applications in cancer treatment and prevention.

Bioprospecting refers to the exploration and extraction of bioactive compounds from marine organisms for potential use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and other industries.

Krill, small crustaceans found in the ocean, are a rich source of astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Marine collagen, derived from marine organisms such as fish and jellyfish, is used in anti-aging creams and other cosmetic products due to its potential to improve skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles.

Fatty fish, such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for heart health and brain development.

Marine ecology focuses on the interactions between marine organisms and their environment, including their behavior, distribution, and adaptations.

Crab shells are a rich source of chitin, a polysaccharide used in various industrial applications, including the production of bioplastics, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Marine enzymes are used in the food industry to enhance the flavor of various products, such as cheese, soy sauce, and fish sauce.

Spirulina, a cyanobacterium, is cultivated and used as a dietary supplement due to its high protein content and various nutrients.