Authoritarian regimes are characterized by limited political participation, often through the suppression of opposition parties and the restriction of civil liberties.

Authoritarianism hinders peacebuilding by suppressing dissent and limiting civil society engagement, which are essential for building sustainable peace.

China is an example of an authoritarian regime, where the government exercises tight control over political and social life.

Civil society plays a crucial role in peacebuilding by promoting dialogue, reconciliation, and the inclusion of marginalized groups in peace processes.

Authoritarian regimes can contribute to peacebuilding by providing stability and order, which can create a conducive environment for peace negotiations and the implementation of peace agreements.

Limited political participation in authoritarian regimes is a challenge to peacebuilding, as it prevents the inclusion of diverse perspectives and the participation of marginalized groups in peace processes.

Democracy is not a necessary condition for peacebuilding, as there are examples of authoritarian regimes that have successfully achieved peace. However, democracy can contribute to peacebuilding by promoting inclusivity, accountability, and the rule of law.

The international community can support peacebuilding in authoritarian regimes by engaging with the regime in diplomatic negotiations, encouraging dialogue, and promoting the inclusion of civil society and marginalized groups in peace processes.

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan is an example of a successful peacebuilding effort in an authoritarian regime. It was signed in 2005 between the Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), ending the Second Sudanese Civil War.

Authoritarian regimes are less likely to achieve sustainable peace due to their lack of accountability, limited political participation, and suppression of civil society.

Increasing the role of civil society in peacebuilding efforts in authoritarian regimes can make them more effective by promoting inclusivity, accountability, and the participation of marginalized groups.

A strong military is a factor that contributes to the resilience of authoritarian regimes, as it enables them to maintain control and suppress dissent.

The international community can promote peacebuilding in authoritarian regimes without undermining the sovereignty of the state by engaging with the regime in diplomatic negotiations, encouraging dialogue, and promoting the inclusion of civil society and marginalized groups in peace processes.

The potential consequences of peacebuilding efforts in authoritarian regimes failing include increased instability and conflict, economic decline, human rights abuses, and the erosion of democratic institutions.

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan is an example of a peacebuilding effort that failed in an authoritarian regime. Despite initial success in ending the Second Sudanese Civil War, the agreement ultimately failed to address the root causes of the conflict and led to renewed violence and instability.