Energy-efficient building design aims to reduce the amount of energy required to operate a building, thereby minimizing energy consumption and lowering operating costs.

Passive solar design involves strategically positioning the building to capture and utilize solar energy for heating and lighting, reducing the need for conventional energy sources.

Insulation plays a crucial role in energy-efficient building design by minimizing heat transfer between the building's interior and exterior, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.

LEDs are the most energy-efficient lighting technology, consuming significantly less energy compared to traditional incandescent bulbs and CFLs, while providing comparable or better light output.

Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, offer a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing the building's dependence on non-renewable resources and contributing to a cleaner environment.

All of the options mentioned are examples of energy-efficient building design strategies for residential buildings. Geothermal heat pumps provide efficient heating and cooling, reflective roofing reduces heat gain, and optimizing window placement promotes natural ventilation, reducing energy consumption.

In commercial buildings, the primary goal of energy-efficient design is to reduce energy consumption and associated operating costs, leading to financial savings and improved sustainability.

For industrial buildings, energy-efficient design involves considering factors such as building orientation, energy-efficient lighting, and natural ventilation to minimize energy consumption and create a sustainable work environment.

Green roofs offer multiple benefits in energy-efficient building design, including reducing heat transfer, improving air quality by filtering pollutants, and creating a habitat for wildlife, contributing to a sustainable and eco-friendly environment.

In healthcare facilities, energy-efficient design involves implementing strategies such as using energy-efficient medical equipment, optimizing the building's layout, and maximizing natural light to reduce energy consumption and create a sustainable healthcare environment.

Designing energy-efficient educational buildings presents challenges such as balancing energy efficiency with indoor air quality requirements, accommodating the diverse energy needs of different educational spaces, and integrating energy-efficient technologies into existing buildings.

In hospitality buildings, energy-efficient design involves implementing strategies such as using energy-efficient appliances, optimizing building orientation for natural light, and integrating renewable energy sources to reduce energy consumption and create a sustainable environment for guests.

Designing energy-efficient retail buildings involves considering factors such as minimizing energy consumption during peak business hours, maximizing natural light, and utilizing energy-efficient HVAC systems to create a sustainable and energy-conscious shopping environment.

In transportation facilities, energy-efficient design involves implementing strategies such as using energy-efficient lighting, optimizing the building's layout, and integrating renewable energy sources to reduce energy consumption and create a sustainable transportation hub.

Designing energy-efficient sports and recreation facilities involves achieving multiple goals, including minimizing energy consumption during peak usage periods, creating a comfortable environment, and utilizing renewable energy sources to reduce the facility's environmental impact.