While inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact are common routes of exposure to hazardous waste, visual contact is not a direct route of exposure.

Lead exposure from hazardous waste is primarily associated with neurological damage, particularly in children, affecting cognitive development and behavior.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that can accumulate in the environment and cause reproductive and developmental problems, including birth defects and impaired fertility.

Biomagnification refers to the process by which hazardous substances accumulate and increase in concentration as they move up the food chain, posing risks to higher-level consumers.

Exposure to asbestos fibers from hazardous waste is strongly linked to the development of mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs and other organs.

For individuals residing near hazardous waste disposal sites, soil contamination poses a significant health risk due to direct contact, inhalation of contaminated dust, and potential groundwater contamination.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a chlorinated solvent commonly found in hazardous waste and is associated with liver damage, kidney toxicity, and an increased risk of certain cancers, including liver cancer.

Bioremediation involves the use of microorganisms to break down hazardous waste into less harmful substances, utilizing natural processes to clean up contaminated environments.

Mercury exposure from hazardous waste can lead to nerve damage, particularly in the developing brain, causing developmental problems and cognitive impairment.

Dioxins are highly toxic compounds found in hazardous waste and are associated with an increased risk of various cancers, including lung cancer, breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Cadmium exposure from hazardous waste can lead to kidney damage, bone disease, and an increased risk of certain cancers, such as lung cancer and prostate cancer.

Waste minimization involves reducing the quantity and toxicity of hazardous waste produced at the source, aiming to prevent or minimize the generation of hazardous waste.

Asbestos exposure from hazardous waste is associated with respiratory problems, including asbestosis, and an increased risk of lung cancer.

Arsenic exposure from hazardous waste is strongly linked to an increased risk of various cancers, including lung cancer, skin cancer, and bladder cancer.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical commonly found in plastics and can leach into the environment from hazardous waste, posing risks to reproductive health and endocrine function.