Smoke Visualization involves introducing smoke or other visible particles into the flow to trace its movement and patterns.

PIV operates by illuminating the flow with a laser and capturing images of the illuminated particles. The motion of these particles is then analyzed to determine velocity vectors.

PTV involves capturing images of tracer particles at high frame rates using a high-speed camera. The movement of these particles is then tracked to obtain velocity information.

LDV utilizes the Doppler effect to measure velocity gradients in a flow. It involves illuminating the flow with a laser and measuring the frequency shift of the scattered light.

Flow Visualization by Luminescent Paint involves coating a surface with a pressure-sensitive paint that changes color or intensity based on the local pressure.

Schlieren Photography is used to visualize density variations and shock waves in a flow by capturing the deflection of light passing through the flow.

Hot-Wire Anemometry involves placing a heated wire in the flow and measuring the heat transfer from the wire to the fluid to determine flow velocity.

PIV offers non-intrusive measurement, high spatial resolution, and the ability to measure velocity gradients, making it a versatile flow visualization technique.

PIV involves capturing images of a flow using a high-speed camera illuminated by a laser to track the motion of tracer particles.

Hot-Wire Anemometry is intrusive, has limited spatial resolution, and cannot measure velocity gradients, making it less versatile compared to other flow visualization techniques.

Pressure-Sensitive Paint (PSP) involves coating a surface with a pressure-sensitive paint that changes color or intensity based on the local pressure.

LDV is advantageous because it is a non-intrusive measurement technique, allowing for flow visualization without disturbing the flow itself.

Smoke Visualization involves introducing smoke or other visible particles into the flow to trace its movement and patterns.

PTV operates by capturing images of tracer particles at high frame rates using a high-speed camera. The movement of these particles is then tracked to obtain velocity information.

PTV involves capturing images of tracer particles at high frame rates using a high-speed camera. The movement of these particles is then tracked to obtain velocity information.