Dadaism, an avant-garde movement that emerged during World War I, was characterized by its anti-art stance, rejection of traditional aesthetics, and use of satire and absurdity to critique the political and social conditions of the time.

Diego Rivera's "The History of Mexico" mural series, painted between 1929 and 1951, depicts the history of Mexico from pre-Columbian times to the Mexican Revolution. It is considered a masterpiece of Mexican art and a powerful commentary on the country's political and social struggles.

Ai Weiwei, a Chinese contemporary artist, is renowned for his politically and socially engaged artworks. He often uses installation art, performance art, and photography to address issues of censorship, human rights, and political oppression.

Fluxus, an international art movement that emerged in the 1960s, embraced the idea of "art as activism." Fluxus artists used performance art, happenings, and mail art to challenge traditional notions of art and to engage with social and political issues.

Andy Warhol, a leading figure in the Pop Art movement, is known for his iconic works that critique consumerism, capitalism, and the cult of celebrity. His works often feature mass-produced objects, advertising imagery, and political figures, blurring the lines between art and commerce.

The primary purpose of public art is to beautify public spaces and enhance the quality of life for residents and visitors. Public art can also serve educational, commemorative, or functional purposes, but its primary goal is to create a more visually appealing and engaging public environment.

Realism, an artistic movement that emerged in the 19th century, is characterized by its focus on depicting everyday life and the social conditions of the working class. Realist artists aimed to portray reality objectively and without idealization.

Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist philosopher and politician, is most closely associated with the concept of cultural hegemony. He argued that the ruling class maintains its power not only through economic and political control but also through the control of cultural institutions and the dissemination of dominant ideologies.

Dadaism, an avant-garde movement that emerged during World War I, is known for its use of collage, photomontage, and found objects to create artworks that critique consumerism, mass culture, and the absurdity of war.

Shirin Neshat, an Iranian-born contemporary artist, is known for her work that explores issues of gender, race, and identity in relation to political and social contexts. She often uses performance art, video installations, and photography to create powerful and thought-provoking artworks.

Aestheticism, an artistic movement that emerged in the late 19th century, is most closely associated with the concept of "art for art's sake." Aestheticism emphasizes the importance of beauty and form in art, rejecting the idea that art should serve any moral or didactic purpose.

Constructivism, an artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, is known for its use of abstraction and geometric forms to create artworks that explore the relationship between art and mathematics. Constructivist artists believed that art should be functional and useful, and they often used industrial materials and techniques in their work.

Andy Warhol, a leading figure in the Pop Art movement, is known for his iconic works that critique consumerism, capitalism, and the cult of celebrity. His works often feature mass-produced objects, advertising imagery, and political figures, blurring the lines between art and commerce.

Constructivism, an artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, is known for its use of abstraction and geometric forms to create artworks that explore the relationship between art and mathematics. Constructivist artists believed that art should be functional and useful, and they often used industrial materials and techniques in their work.

Shirin Neshat, an Iranian-born contemporary artist, is known for her work that explores issues of gender, race, and identity in relation to political and social contexts. She often uses performance art, video installations, and photography to create powerful and thought-provoking artworks.