Ernest Rutherford is widely regarded as the father of nuclear physics due to his pioneering experiments on the structure of the atom and the discovery of the atomic nucleus.

James Chadwick's experiment in 1932, involving the bombardment of beryllium with alpha particles, led to the discovery of the neutron.

Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker proposed the liquid drop model of the nucleus in 1935, which compared the nucleus to a drop of incompressible fluid.

Chicago Pile-1, constructed by Enrico Fermi and his team in 1942, was the first nuclear reactor to achieve a sustained chain reaction.

J. Robert Oppenheimer was the scientific director of the Manhattan Project, which successfully developed the atomic bomb during World War II.

The Trinity Test, conducted on July 16, 1945, was the first detonation of an atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project.

Hiroshima was the first city to be targeted by an atomic bomb during World War II, on August 6, 1945.

Edward Teller is known as the 'father of the hydrogen bomb' for his significant contributions to its development.

Ivy Mike was the first hydrogen bomb detonated by the United States on November 1, 1952.

The United Kingdom was the first country to develop a nuclear weapon after the United States and the Soviet Union, conducting its first nuclear test in 1952.

The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is an international treaty that aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the global organization responsible for promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy and technology.

Hanul Nuclear Power Plant in South Korea is the largest nuclear power plant in the world in terms of electricity generation capacity.

The United States has the largest number of nuclear power plants in operation, with 93 active reactors.

Radioactive decay is the process by which radioactive isotopes decay over time, emitting radiation and transforming into different elements.