Population growth is the primary driver of land use change as it increases the demand for resources, such as food, water, and shelter, leading to the conversion of natural landscapes into agricultural and urban areas.

Deforestation is the conversion of forest areas into non-forest areas, often for agricultural purposes.

Urbanization refers to the process of converting natural or semi-natural areas into built-up areas, typically associated with the growth of cities and towns.

Land use change can alter the composition and configuration of landscape elements, increase landscape heterogeneity, and decrease landscape connectivity.

Landscape fragmentation refers to the breaking up of a continuous landscape into smaller patches, often due to land use change.

Urbanization refers to the process of converting natural or semi-natural areas into built-up areas, typically associated with the growth of cities and towns.

Land use change can lead to habitat loss and fragmentation, disrupt ecological processes, and increase the risk of species extinction.

Restoration refers to the process of converting degraded or abandoned land back into a natural state.

Land use planning can help mitigate the negative effects of land use change by promoting sustainable land use practices, protecting sensitive ecosystems, and encouraging compact and efficient urban development.

Afforestation refers to the process of converting non-forest areas into forest.

Reclamation refers to the process of converting degraded or abandoned land back into a productive state.

Land use change can alter the provision of ecosystem services, impact the regulation of ecosystem services, and affect the cultural services provided by ecosystems.

Cultivation refers to the process of converting natural or semi-natural areas into agricultural land.

Land use change can increase nutrient runoff, lead to sedimentation, and alter stream flow patterns, all of which can affect water quality.

Urbanization refers to the process of converting natural or semi-natural areas into built-up areas, typically associated with the growth of cities and towns.