Isaac Newton is widely regarded as the father of modern science for his contributions to classical mechanics, optics, and calculus.

Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union in 1957.

Johannes Gutenberg is credited with inventing the printing press in the 15th century, revolutionizing the way information was disseminated.

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first general-purpose electronic computer, developed in the United States during World War II.

Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics for his pioneering work on pea plants, which laid the foundation for our understanding of heredity.

The smallpox vaccine, developed by Edward Jenner in the 18th century, was the first successful vaccine, significantly reducing the incidence of smallpox.

Alexander Graham Bell is credited with inventing the telephone in the late 19th century, enabling communication over long distances.

Apollo 11 was the first manned spacecraft to land on the moon in 1969, with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin becoming the first humans to walk on the lunar surface.

Antoine Lavoisier is known as the father of modern chemistry for his contributions to the understanding of combustion, oxidation, and the conservation of mass.

The Altair 8800, introduced in 1975, is considered the first personal computer, paving the way for the development of modern PCs.

Thomas Savery is credited with inventing the first steam engine in the late 17th century, which was used for pumping water.

The Wright Flyer, built and flown by the Wright brothers in 1903, was the first successful airplane, marking a pivotal moment in aviation history.

Albert Einstein is widely regarded as the father of modern physics for his groundbreaking contributions to the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.

ELIZA, developed by Joseph Weizenbaum in the 1960s, is considered the first artificial intelligence program, capable of engaging in natural language conversations.

Tim Berners-Lee is credited with inventing the World Wide Web in the late 1980s, revolutionizing the way information is accessed and shared globally.