Habitat destruction, such as deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture, is the leading cause of biodiversity loss as it directly removes or fragments the natural habitats of species.

Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced to an ecosystem and have the potential to cause harm to native species and ecosystems.

Water pollution, such as oil spills, sewage discharge, and agricultural runoff, can contaminate marine environments and harm marine life.

Extinction is the process by which a species ceases to exist, either globally or within a specific region.

Fossil fuel burning, particularly for energy production and transportation, releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.

Adaptation is the process by which species develop new traits or modify existing traits to better suit their environment.

Wetlands, such as marshes, swamps, and bogs, are particularly vulnerable to habitat destruction and fragmentation due to their unique hydrology and sensitivity to changes in water levels.

Exploitation refers to the use and extraction of natural resources without regard for their long-term sustainability or the impacts on biodiversity.

Climate change, particularly rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, is a major threat to coral reefs as it causes coral bleaching and reduces their resilience to other stressors.

Translocation refers to the intentional movement of species from one location to another, often for conservation or management purposes.

Climate change, particularly changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, and sea levels, can disrupt migratory routes and breeding grounds, posing a significant threat to migratory species.

Endangerment refers to the status of a species that is at risk of extinction due to various factors such as habitat loss, overexploitation, or climate change.

Dams and water diversions can fragment and alter freshwater ecosystems, disrupting natural water flows and affecting the survival of aquatic species.

Reintroduction refers to the process of releasing captive-bred or translocated individuals of a species back into their natural habitat.

Habitat destruction, particularly through urbanization and development, is a major threat to biodiversity in urban environments as it reduces the availability of natural habitats for species.