Climate change governance aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming to prevent the worst effects of climate change.

The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, sets a long-term goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

The IPCC is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change. It provides regular scientific assessments of the current state of knowledge on climate change, its causes, potential impacts, and response options.

While economic growth can contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, it is not a key element of effective climate change governance. Climate change governance should focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable development, rather than solely pursuing economic growth.

Non-state actors play a crucial role in climate change governance by implementing climate change policies and regulations, providing financial resources for climate change mitigation and adaptation, and promoting public awareness of climate change.

Public apathy is not a challenge to effective climate change governance. Public awareness and engagement are essential for building support for climate change action and ensuring that governments and businesses take action to address climate change.

Adaptation is a key component of climate change governance. It involves preparing for and responding to the impacts of climate change, such as sea level rise, extreme weather events, and changes in agricultural yields.

Cost-effectiveness is not a key principle of the Paris Agreement. The agreement emphasizes the importance of equity and justice, sustainable development, and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.

The GCF is a key financial mechanism of the Paris Agreement. It provides financial resources for climate change mitigation and adaptation in developing countries, promotes technology transfer to developing countries, and builds capacity for climate change action in developing countries.

Political instability is not a key challenge to climate change governance in developing countries. While political instability can make it difficult to implement climate change policies and programs, it is not a universal challenge faced by all developing countries.

The private sector plays a crucial role in climate change governance by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, investing in renewable energy and energy efficiency, and developing and deploying climate-friendly technologies.

A top-down approach is not a key element of a successful climate change governance framework. Climate change governance should be inclusive and participatory, involving all stakeholders, including governments, businesses, civil society organizations, and the public.

Technology plays a crucial role in climate change governance by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to the impacts of climate change, and promoting sustainable development.

Lack of political will is not a key challenge to effective climate change governance at the local level. Local governments often have the authority and resources to take action on climate change, but may lack the political will to do so.

UNEP plays a key role in promoting international cooperation on climate change. It provides a platform for countries to share information, coordinate their efforts, and develop common strategies to address climate change.