Functional diversity refers to the variety of functions performed by organisms in an ecosystem. This includes the different ways that organisms interact with their environment, such as their feeding habits, reproductive strategies, and dispersal mechanisms.

Functional diversity is important for fisheries because it helps to maintain the stability of fish populations, increases the resilience of fish communities to disturbances, and enhances the productivity of fisheries. By having a variety of functional traits, fish communities are better able to adapt to changes in their environment and to withstand the impacts of fishing.

Functional traits in fish include body size, diet, habitat use, and reproductive strategy. These traits determine how fish interact with their environment and with each other.

Functional diversity can be used to manage fisheries by identifying and protecting key functional groups, developing fishing regulations that target specific functional traits, and restoring degraded habitats that support a variety of functional traits.

Fishing can have a number of negative impacts on functional diversity, including reducing the abundance of key functional groups, altering the composition of fish communities, and reducing the resilience of fish communities to disturbances.