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Genetic Modification and Biodiversity

Description: Test your knowledge on Genetic Modification and Biodiversity by answering the following questions.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: genetic modification biodiversity biotechnology
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What is the process of altering the genetic material of an organism called?

  1. Genetic Engineering

  2. Genetic Modification

  3. Gene Therapy

  4. Transgenesis


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Genetic Modification involves manipulating an organism's DNA to introduce or alter specific genes.

Which technique is commonly used to insert foreign genes into an organism's genome?

  1. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

  2. Gel Electrophoresis

  3. Restriction Enzyme Digestion

  4. Recombinant DNA Technology


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Recombinant DNA Technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create a new DNA molecule.

What is the term used to describe organisms that have had their genetic material altered?

  1. Endemic Species

  2. Native Species

  3. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

  4. Invasive Species


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

GMOs are organisms whose DNA has been modified using genetic engineering techniques.

Which technology allows scientists to modify specific genes within an organism's genome?

  1. CRISPR-Cas9

  2. DNA Microarrays

  3. DNA Sequencing

  4. Genetic Fingerprinting


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene-editing tool that enables precise changes to an organism's DNA.

What is the primary goal of genetic modification in agriculture?

  1. Disease Resistance

  2. Increased Nutritional Value

  3. Enhanced Flavor

  4. Higher Crop Yields


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetic modification in agriculture aims to increase crop yields to meet the growing global food demand.

Which international agreement regulates the transboundary movement of genetically modified organisms?

  1. Kyoto Protocol

  2. Montreal Protocol

  3. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

  4. Paris Agreement


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Cartagena Protocol aims to ensure the safe handling, transport, and use of GMOs.

What is the main concern regarding the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment?

  1. Loss of Biodiversity

  2. Gene Transfer to Wild Populations

  3. Reduced Ecosystem Resilience

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The release of GMOs raises concerns about potential impacts on biodiversity, gene flow, and ecosystem stability.

Which type of genetic modification involves transferring genes from one species to another?

  1. Cisgenesis

  2. Transgenesis

  3. Mutagenesis

  4. Recombination


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Transgenesis involves introducing genes from one species into the genome of another species.

What is the term used to describe the unintended spread of genetically modified organisms beyond their intended range?

  1. Gene Flow

  2. Genetic Drift

  3. Gene Pool

  4. Genetic Contamination


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetic contamination refers to the unintentional spread of GMOs into non-target populations or ecosystems.

Which technology allows scientists to identify and isolate specific genes of interest?

  1. DNA Microarrays

  2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

  3. DNA Sequencing

  4. Genetic Fingerprinting


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

DNA Microarrays enable the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of genes.

What is the term used to describe the process of introducing a gene into a cell?

  1. Transduction

  2. Transformation

  3. Conjugation

  4. Transfection


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Transfection involves introducing genetic material into eukaryotic cells using chemical or physical methods.

Which type of genetic modification involves altering the expression of existing genes without changing the DNA sequence?

  1. Gene Silencing

  2. Gene Editing

  3. Gene Therapy

  4. Gene Transfer


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Gene silencing techniques, such as RNA interference (RNAi), can suppress gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.

What is the term used to describe the process of creating an organism with a complete set of chromosomes from two different parents?

  1. Hybridization

  2. Inbreeding

  3. Cloning

  4. Crossbreeding


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Crossbreeding involves mating individuals from different genetic backgrounds to create offspring with a mix of traits.

Which type of genetic modification involves introducing a gene that confers resistance to a specific pest or disease?

  1. Herbicide Resistance

  2. Disease Resistance

  3. Drought Tolerance

  4. Pest Resistance


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pest resistance in GMOs is achieved by introducing genes that produce proteins toxic to specific pests.

What is the term used to describe the process of selecting and breeding organisms with desired traits?

  1. Genetic Engineering

  2. Selective Breeding

  3. Artificial Selection

  4. Natural Selection


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Artificial selection involves selecting and breeding organisms with specific traits to enhance desirable characteristics.

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