Dadaism, with its anti-art and anti-establishment stance, emerged as a reaction to the horrors of World War I and sought to challenge traditional notions of art and society.

Political art encompasses a wide range of artistic practices that engage with political issues, often aiming to raise awareness, spark dialogue, or promote social change.

Banksy, whose identity remains anonymous, has gained worldwide recognition for his politically charged street art, often addressing issues such as war, poverty, and social inequality.

Soviet Socialist Realism aimed to serve as a propaganda tool, glorifying the achievements of the Soviet Union and promoting its political ideology.

Marcel Duchamp, known for his groundbreaking work, such as the urinal titled 'Fountain,' challenged conventional ideas of art through his use of everyday objects and his exploration of conceptual art.

Conceptual Art emerged in the 1960s, emphasizing the idea or concept behind an artwork rather than its physical form or aesthetic qualities.

Kerry James Marshall's work engages with issues of race, identity, and representation, often depicting everyday scenes from African American life in a powerful and thought-provoking manner.

The Mexican muralism movement aimed to create a sense of national identity and pride by depicting scenes from Mexican history and culture in public spaces.

Ai Weiwei's work often explores issues of human rights, political oppression, and the refugee crisis, using his art as a means of social commentary and activism.

Identity Art emerged in the 1970s, emphasizing the exploration of personal and collective identities, particularly those of marginalized communities, as a means of social and political empowerment.

Marina Abramović is renowned for her groundbreaking performance art, often involving intense physical and emotional experiences, that explore the limits of the body and the relationship between artist and audience.

The Harlem Renaissance was a period of cultural and artistic flourishing among African Americans, aiming to celebrate their cultural heritage and challenge prevailing stereotypes.

Chuck Close is renowned for his photorealistic paintings, often featuring portraits of individuals, that explore the relationship between representation and perception.

Postmodernism emerged in the 1980s, challenging traditional notions of art, truth, and representation, and embracing eclecticism, irony, and the mixing of different cultural references.

Andy Warhol is widely recognized for his pop art creations, which blurred the lines between art and commerce and explored the relationship between popular culture and consumerism.