Remote sensing involves the detection and analysis of electromagnetic radiation emitted, reflected, or scattered by an object or phenomenon, without direct physical contact.

Sound waves are mechanical waves and not part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation are all types of electromagnetic radiation used in remote sensing.

Atmospheric measurements are conducted to study weather patterns, monitor air quality, track climate change, and gain insights into various atmospheric processes.

A barometer is a device used to measure atmospheric pressure. Thermometers measure temperature, anemometers measure wind speed, and radiosondes are used for upper-air measurements.

A radiosonde is a balloon-borne instrument package that measures temperature, humidity, and pressure as it ascends through the atmosphere.

Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) uses radar pulses to measure the distance and velocity of objects by detecting the reflected signals.

Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) is primarily used to study cloud properties, such as cloud height, thickness, and composition.

Thermal infrared imagery measures the temperature of the Earth's surface by detecting the emitted thermal radiation.

Microwave radiometry is primarily used to measure sea surface temperature, which is important for weather forecasting and climate studies.

Passive remote sensing involves the use of sensors to detect and analyze the natural radiation emitted by objects, without transmitting any energy.

Hyperspectral imaging provides more spectral bands compared to multispectral imaging, allowing for more detailed spectral analysis and identification of specific materials.

Multispectral imaging is widely used for vegetation mapping and monitoring due to its ability to capture data in multiple spectral bands, allowing for the discrimination of different vegetation types.

SAR is primarily used to measure ocean surface roughness, which is important for weather forecasting, ship routing, and oceanographic studies.

Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) uses lasers to measure the distance and elevation of objects by detecting the reflected laser pulses.

Atmospheric soundings involve the use of instruments to measure temperature, humidity, and pressure as a function of altitude, providing valuable data for weather forecasting and climate studies.