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Structuralism in Linguistics

Description: This quiz is designed to test your understanding of Structuralism in Linguistics. Structuralism is a school of thought in linguistics that emerged in the early 20th century. It emphasizes the importance of studying the structure of language, rather than its historical development or its relationship to other languages.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: structuralism linguistics ferdinand de saussure
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Who is considered the father of Structuralism in Linguistics?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Leonard Bloomfield

  4. Roman Jakobson

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ferdinand de Saussure is widely regarded as the father of Structuralism in Linguistics. His book, "Course in General Linguistics," published posthumously in 1916, laid the foundation for the structuralist approach to language study.

What is the central concept of Structuralism in Linguistics?

  1. The primacy of speech over writing

  2. The importance of studying language in its historical context

  3. The focus on the relationship between language and culture

  4. The emphasis on the structure of language

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Structuralism in Linguistics emphasizes the importance of studying the structure of language, rather than its historical development or its relationship to other languages.

What is the basic unit of analysis in Structuralism?

  1. The phoneme

  2. The morpheme

  3. The word

  4. The sentence

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, the basic unit of analysis is the phoneme, which is the smallest unit of sound that can distinguish one word from another in a given language.

What is the relationship between the signifier and the signified in Structuralism?

  1. They are arbitrary and conventional

  2. They are natural and universal

  3. They are fixed and immutable

  4. They are subjective and personal

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, the signifier (the sound or written form of a word) and the signified (the concept or meaning associated with the word) are arbitrary and conventional, meaning they are not naturally or logically connected.

What is the concept of the langue and parole in Structuralism?

  1. Langue is the abstract system of language, while parole is the individual's actual use of language

  2. Langue is the spoken form of language, while parole is the written form

  3. Langue is the language of the elite, while parole is the language of the common people

  4. Langue is the language of science, while parole is the language of everyday life

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, langue is the abstract system of language, which includes the rules and conventions that govern how words and sentences are formed and used, while parole is the individual's actual use of language in speech or writing.

Which linguist is known for his work on distinctive features and the concept of the minimal pair?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Roman Jakobson

  4. Leonard Bloomfield

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Roman Jakobson is known for his work on distinctive features and the concept of the minimal pair, which is a pair of words that differ in only one sound, such as "pat" and "bat".

What is the concept of the syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations in Structuralism?

  1. Syntagmatic relations are the relationships between words in a sentence, while paradigmatic relations are the relationships between words that can substitute for each other in a given context

  2. Syntagmatic relations are the relationships between sounds in a word, while paradigmatic relations are the relationships between words that have similar meanings

  3. Syntagmatic relations are the relationships between words and their grammatical functions, while paradigmatic relations are the relationships between words and their semantic roles

  4. Syntagmatic relations are the relationships between words in a text, while paradigmatic relations are the relationships between words in a dictionary

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, syntagmatic relations are the relationships between words in a sentence, while paradigmatic relations are the relationships between words that can substitute for each other in a given context.

What is the concept of the deep structure and surface structure in Structuralism?

  1. Deep structure is the underlying abstract structure of a sentence, while surface structure is the actual form of the sentence as it is spoken or written

  2. Deep structure is the grammatical structure of a sentence, while surface structure is the semantic structure

  3. Deep structure is the structure of a sentence in its original form, while surface structure is the structure of the sentence after it has been transformed

  4. Deep structure is the structure of a sentence in its active voice form, while surface structure is the structure of the sentence in its passive voice form

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, deep structure is the underlying abstract structure of a sentence, which represents its meaning, while surface structure is the actual form of the sentence as it is spoken or written.

Which linguist is known for his work on generative grammar and the concept of deep structure?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Roman Jakobson

  4. Leonard Bloomfield

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Noam Chomsky is known for his work on generative grammar and the concept of deep structure, which is the underlying abstract structure of a sentence that represents its meaning.

What is the concept of the competence and performance in Structuralism?

  1. Competence is the speaker's knowledge of the rules of language, while performance is the speaker's actual use of language

  2. Competence is the speaker's ability to understand language, while performance is the speaker's ability to produce language

  3. Competence is the speaker's ability to read language, while performance is the speaker's ability to write language

  4. Competence is the speaker's ability to speak language, while performance is the speaker's ability to listen to language

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, competence is the speaker's knowledge of the rules of language, while performance is the speaker's actual use of language.

Which linguist is known for his work on the concept of competence and performance?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Roman Jakobson

  4. Leonard Bloomfield

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Noam Chomsky is known for his work on the concept of competence and performance, which are the speaker's knowledge of the rules of language and the speaker's actual use of language, respectively.

What is the concept of the unmarked and marked members in Structuralism?

  1. Unmarked members are the basic, default forms of words or grammatical structures, while marked members are the exceptional or specialized forms

  2. Unmarked members are the forms that are used more frequently, while marked members are the forms that are used less frequently

  3. Unmarked members are the forms that are considered more natural or logical, while marked members are the forms that are considered more artificial or unnatural

  4. Unmarked members are the forms that are used in formal contexts, while marked members are the forms that are used in informal contexts

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, unmarked members are the basic, default forms of words or grammatical structures, while marked members are the exceptional or specialized forms.

Which linguist is known for his work on the concept of the unmarked and marked members?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Roman Jakobson

  4. Leonard Bloomfield

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Roman Jakobson is known for his work on the concept of the unmarked and marked members, which are the basic, default forms of words or grammatical structures and the exceptional or specialized forms, respectively.

What is the concept of the binary oppositions in Structuralism?

  1. Binary oppositions are pairs of contrasting terms that are used to define and organize linguistic categories

  2. Binary oppositions are pairs of terms that are mutually exclusive and exhaustive

  3. Binary oppositions are pairs of terms that are related to each other by a hierarchical relationship

  4. Binary oppositions are pairs of terms that are used to describe the different levels of linguistic analysis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Structuralism, binary oppositions are pairs of contrasting terms that are used to define and organize linguistic categories.

Which linguist is known for his work on the concept of the binary oppositions?

  1. Noam Chomsky

  2. Ferdinand de Saussure

  3. Roman Jakobson

  4. Leonard Bloomfield

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Roman Jakobson is known for his work on the concept of the binary oppositions, which are pairs of contrasting terms that are used to define and organize linguistic categories.

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