Antonio Vivaldi was known as the "Red Priest" due to his red hair and his status as a Roman Catholic priest.

Ludwig van Beethoven was deaf for the majority of his life, yet he continued to compose some of the greatest works of classical music.

Joseph Haydn is known as the "Father of the Symphony" for his contributions to the development of the symphony as a musical form.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a child prodigy who composed his first opera, "Bastien und Bastienne", at the age of 12.

Richard Wagner was known for his use of leitmotifs, or recurring musical themes, in his operas to represent characters, objects, or ideas.

Ludwig van Beethoven was a close friend of the poet Friedrich Schiller and set many of his poems to music, including the famous "Ode to Joy".

Antonín Dvořák was known for his use of folk melodies and rhythms in his compositions, particularly in his Slavonic Dances and his Symphony No. 9, "From the New World".

Modest Mussorgsky was a member of "The Five", a group of Russian composers who sought to promote Russian national music.

Gustav Mahler was a close friend of the painter Vincent van Gogh and dedicated his Symphony No. 5 to him.

Arnold Schoenberg was known for his use of atonality and serialism in his compositions, which marked a significant departure from traditional tonal music.

Pierre Schaeffer was a pioneer of electronic music and musique concrète, a genre of music that uses recorded sounds and noises as its source material.

Philip Glass is known for his minimalist style of music, characterized by repetitive patterns and drones, which has been influential in contemporary classical music.

John Cage was a leading figure in the avant-garde music movement and known for his experimental and challenging compositions, including his famous "4'33".

Karlheinz Stockhausen was known for his use of chance operations and indeterminacy in his compositions, which allowed for elements of randomness and improvisation.

Gérard Grisey was a pioneer of spectral music, a genre of music that focuses on the analysis and manipulation of sound spectra.