NLG aims to convert structured data or knowledge representations into human-readable text or speech, making it accessible and understandable to humans.

NLG systems employ various approaches, including template-based generation, neural network-based generation, and rule-based generation, to generate human-like text or speech.

A language model in NLG aims to generate text that adheres to the rules of grammar and conveys meaningful information, resulting in human-like and coherent text.

The Transformer architecture, introduced by Vaswani et al. in 2017, has become a dominant neural network architecture for NLG tasks due to its ability to capture long-range dependencies and generate coherent text.

A significant challenge in NLG is ensuring that the generated text is factually correct, especially when dealing with real-world data or knowledge bases that may contain errors or inconsistencies.

BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy), ROUGE (Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation), and METEOR (Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering) are widely used evaluation metrics for assessing the quality of NLG systems by comparing the generated text with human-written references.

Controlled NLG focuses on generating text that adheres to specific stylistic guidelines, such as formality, tone, or register, to ensure that the generated text is appropriate for the intended audience and context.

NLG is used in various applications in the healthcare domain, including generating patient summaries, discharge instructions, clinical trial reports, and medication guides, to improve communication between healthcare providers and patients.

Dialogue generation in NLG poses challenges in ensuring that the generated responses are coherent and relevant to the conversation, diverse and engaging to maintain user interest, and factually accurate to provide reliable information.

To generate personalized text, NLG systems often employ a combination of approaches, including using user-specific data, machine learning algorithms to learn user preferences, and natural language processing techniques to analyze user input.

NLG research aims to develop NLG systems that can generate text that is indistinguishable from human-written text, achieving natural language generation that is indistinguishable from human language.

Text summarization in NLG poses challenges in ensuring that the generated summary is concise and informative, faithful to the original text, and stylistically consistent with the original text.

NLG evaluation focuses on assessing various aspects of the generated text, including its grammatical correctness, semantic coherence, factual accuracy, and overall quality.

To generate informative text, NLG systems often employ a combination of approaches, including using statistical methods to extract key information from data, machine learning algorithms to learn patterns in data, and natural language processing techniques to analyze text.

Text simplification in NLG poses challenges in ensuring that the simplified text is easy to read and understand, preserves the meaning of the original text, and is stylistically consistent with the original text.