The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is the primary U.S. federal law that aims to protect and conserve species facing the risk of extinction, along with their critical habitats.

The Ramsar Convention, also known as the Convention on Wetlands, focuses on the conservation and wise use of wetlands, particularly those of international importance for waterfowl habitats.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international treaty that aims to conserve biodiversity, ensure the sustainable use of its components, and promote the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) is a U.S. federal law that aims to protect migratory bird species by prohibiting the killing, capturing, selling, or transporting of these birds, their nests, or eggs.

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires federal agencies to assess the environmental impacts of their proposed actions and consider alternatives that minimize harm to the environment.

The Clean Water Act (CWA) is a U.S. federal law that aims to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters, including wetlands.

CITES is an international treaty that aims to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) is a U.S. federal law that aims to protect marine mammals, such as whales, dolphins, and seals, from hunting, harassment, and other human-caused threats.

The Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), also known as the Bonn Convention, aims to conserve terrestrial, aquatic, and avian migratory species and their habitats.

The National Forest Management Act (NFMA) is a U.S. federal law that provides a framework for the management of national forests and grasslands, including the protection of wildlife habitats.

The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.

The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) is a U.S. federal law that aims to protect, restore, and manage the nation's coastal resources, including habitats for fish and wildlife.

The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change by setting binding emission reduction targets for developed countries.

The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (WSRA) is a U.S. federal law that aims to protect and preserve the free-flowing character of designated rivers and their ecosystems.

The World Heritage Convention is an international treaty that aims to protect and preserve the world's cultural and natural heritage, including sites of outstanding universal value.