Tundra is a terrestrial ecosystem found in cold regions, while coral reefs, estuaries, and mangroves are all marine ecosystems.

The open ocean, also known as the pelagic zone, covers the vast majority of the Earth's surface and is the largest marine ecosystem.

Jellyfish are known for their bioluminescent capabilities, using light to attract prey, communicate with each other, and deter predators.

Adaptation refers to the process by which organisms develop specific traits and characteristics that enhance their survival and reproduction in a particular environment.

Coral reefs are known for their exceptional biodiversity, supporting a wide variety of marine organisms and forming complex food webs.

Clownfish and sea anemones have a mutualistic relationship, where the clownfish benefits from protection within the anemone's tentacles, while the anemone benefits from the clownfish's feeding activities.

Clams are filter feeders, using their gills to filter suspended particles from the water, contributing to water clarity and nutrient cycling.

Spawning refers to the process where marine organisms release their reproductive cells into the water, allowing for external fertilization.

Estuaries are transitional ecosystems where saltwater from the ocean mixes with freshwater from rivers, creating a unique environment that supports a variety of organisms.

Surfing refers to the process where marine organisms, such as dolphins and sea turtles, ride the waves, using their body shape and movements to propel themselves through the water.

Octopuses are known for their ability to change color rapidly, using specialized cells called chromatophores to blend in with their surroundings or communicate with other octopuses.

Echolocation is a process used by marine organisms, such as dolphins and whales, to emit sound waves and interpret the echoes to create a mental map of their surroundings, locate prey, and communicate.

Kelp forests are underwater forests formed by large brown algae, providing habitat and food for a variety of marine organisms, including fish, invertebrates, and sea otters.

Chemoreception is the process by which marine organisms detect and respond to chemical signals in their environment, allowing them to communicate, find food, and avoid predators.

Electric eels are known for their ability to generate powerful electric shocks, which they use for defense and communication.