Formalism emphasizes the intrinsic qualities of a literary work, such as its structure, style, and language, rather than external factors like historical context or authorial intent.

Formalism emerged as a dominant critical approach alongside Modernism, which emphasized experimentation with form and style.

Formalists argue that the meaning of a literary work is inherent in its form and style, rather than being imposed from external sources.

Viktor Shklovsky introduced the concept of "defamiliarization" or "making strange," which refers to the technique of presenting familiar things in an unfamiliar way to enhance their artistic impact.

Formalists use structural analysis to dissect a literary work into its component parts, such as plot, character, setting, and language, and examine how these elements interact to create meaning.

Formalism had a significant impact on the development of the novel as a literary genre, encouraging experimentation with narrative structure and style.

Roman Jakobson explored the concept of "literariness" or what distinguishes literary language from ordinary language, focusing on the unique properties and functions of poetic language.

Formalists believe that the form and style of a literary work have their own intrinsic value and significance, independent of the work's content or external factors.

Boris Eichenbaum introduced the concept of "immanent poetics," which emphasizes the study of a literary work's internal structure and elements, rather than external factors like authorial intention or historical context.

Formalism originated and flourished in Russia during the early 20th century, particularly among a group of critics associated with the OPOJAZ (Society for the Study of Poetic Language).

Formalists focus on analyzing literary texts at the structural level, examining how the elements of the text, such as plot, character, setting, and language, work together to create meaning.

Yury Tynyanov explored the concept of "plot construction" or "fabula," analyzing how the sequence and arrangement of events in a literary work contribute to its overall meaning and structure.

Formalism had a significant impact on the development of New Criticism, a mid-20th century American literary theory that emphasized the close reading and analysis of literary texts, focusing on their structure, language, and imagery.

Formalists argue that the meaning of a literary work is not fixed or inherent, but rather is dependent on the individual reader's interpretation and engagement with the text.

Formalism focuses on the intrinsic qualities of the literary text, such as its structure, style, and language, rather than external factors like authorial intention or historical context.