Technological Singularity refers to the point at which AI becomes so advanced that it surpasses human capabilities in all aspects, leading to a fundamental change in civilization.

Vernor Vinge, an American mathematician and science fiction author, first introduced the concept of Technological Singularity in his 1993 essay titled "The Coming Technological Singularity".

The primary concern surrounding Technological Singularity is the potential for it to pose an existential threat to humanity, as AI systems could potentially make decisions that are harmful or even catastrophic for humans.

Proponents of Technological Singularity believe that AI has the potential to enhance human capabilities, allowing us to overcome our biological limitations and achieve a higher level of existence.

Machine Ethics is a field of study that explores the ethical implications of AI and Technological Singularity, addressing issues such as fairness, responsibility, and the moral obligations of AI systems.

Value Alignment refers to the concept of designing AI systems to ensure that their actions and decisions are aligned with human values, goals, and ethical principles.

The Partnership on AI is a multi-stakeholder initiative that brings together leading technology companies, academic institutions, and non-profit organizations to promote responsible development and use of AI.

Artificial Consciousness refers to the hypothetical ability of AI systems to possess consciousness and self-awareness, similar to that of humans.

Singularitarianism is a philosophical movement that believes that the advent of Technological Singularity will lead to a fundamental change in the nature of reality, resulting in a new era of existence for humanity.

Existential AI Risk refers to the potential for AI systems to become so powerful and autonomous that they could pose a threat to the survival of humanity.

Singularity Studies is a research area that investigates the potential benefits and risks associated with Technological Singularity, exploring its implications for society, technology, and the future of humanity.

Recursive Self-Improvement refers to the hypothetical ability of AI systems to design and build even more advanced AI systems, leading to a cycle of self-improvement and rapid technological advancement.

Autocatalytic AI refers to the concept that AI systems could potentially reach a point where they are able to improve themselves without human intervention, leading to exponential growth in their capabilities.

Ontological Shift refers to the idea that Technological Singularity could lead to a fundamental change in the way we perceive reality and existence, potentially altering our understanding of the universe and our place in it.

Transhumanism is a philosophical movement that advocates for the use of technology to enhance human capabilities and overcome biological limitations, potentially leading to a merger between humans and technology.