Secondary producers are organisms that consume primary producers and use their energy to produce their own biomass.

Gross primary production is the total amount of energy fixed by plants through photosynthesis, while net primary production is the amount of energy remaining after respiration, which is the process by which plants use oxygen to break down glucose for energy.

Ecological efficiency is the ratio of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next. For secondary producers, ecological efficiency is the ratio of secondary production to net primary production.

Secondary production can be affected by a variety of factors, including the availability of food, temperature, and predation. When food is scarce, secondary producers may have to compete for resources, which can lead to a decrease in production. Temperature can also affect secondary production, as some organisms are more active and productive in warmer or cooler temperatures. Predation can also reduce secondary production, as predators consume secondary producers.

Secondary producers play a vital role in ecosystems by converting solar energy into chemical energy, transferring energy from primary producers to higher trophic levels, and recycling nutrients back into the environment.

Grasshoppers are secondary producers in a grassland ecosystem because they consume grass, which is a primary producer, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Deer are secondary producers in a forest ecosystem because they consume plants, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Zooplankton are secondary producers in an aquatic ecosystem because they consume phytoplankton, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Lizards are secondary producers in a desert ecosystem because they consume insects, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Caribou are secondary producers in a tundra ecosystem because they consume plants, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Fish are secondary producers in a coral reef ecosystem because they consume algae, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Crabs are secondary producers in a mangrove ecosystem because they consume plants and animals, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Shrimp are secondary producers in a salt marsh ecosystem because they consume algae and other small organisms, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Sea urchins are secondary producers in a kelp forest ecosystem because they consume kelp, which is a primary producer, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.

Tube worms are secondary producers in a deep-sea ecosystem because they consume bacteria, which are primary producers, and use the energy to produce their own biomass.