John Bowlby, a British psychoanalyst, is credited with developing attachment theory, which emphasizes the importance of early caregiver-child relationships in shaping an individual's emotional and social development.

Attachment behavior, primarily driven by the need for physical safety, serves as a protective mechanism for infants, ensuring their survival and well-being.

Secure attachment, characterized by a child's ability to confidently explore their environment while maintaining a sense of security and comfort when returning to their caregiver, is considered the optimal attachment style.

Sensitive responsiveness, referring to the caregiver's ability to recognize and promptly respond to an infant's signals and needs, is crucial for fostering a secure attachment relationship.

Avoidant attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to avoid or resist contact with their caregiver, often results from inconsistent or neglectful caregiving.

Internal working model refers to the mental representation that individuals develop about themselves, others, and relationships based on their early attachment experiences, which influences their expectations and behaviors in future relationships.

Ambivalent attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to display a mixture of both secure and insecure attachment behaviors, often results from inconsistent caregiving, leading to uncertainty about the caregiver's availability and responsiveness.

Attachment formation refers to the process by which individuals seek out and maintain close, long-lasting relationships with others, characterized by emotional closeness, mutual support, and a sense of security.

Disorganized attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to display inconsistent and disorganized attachment behaviors, often results from neglect or abuse, leading to a lack of a clear attachment strategy.

Self-concept refers to the process by which individuals develop a sense of self and self-worth based on their early attachment experiences, shaping their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.

Ambivalent attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to display a mixture of secure and insecure attachment behaviors, often results from inconsistent caregiving, leading to uncertainty about the caregiver's availability and responsiveness.

Empathy refers to the process by which individuals develop a sense of empathy and the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, playing a crucial role in social interactions and relationships.

Secure attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to display consistent and secure attachment behaviors, often results from responsive and consistent caregiving, leading to a sense of trust and security.

Emotional regulation refers to the process by which individuals develop a sense of self-regulation and the ability to manage their emotions and behaviors, playing a crucial role in coping with stress and maintaining healthy relationships.

Ambivalent attachment, characterized by a child's tendency to display a mixture of secure and insecure attachment behaviors, often results from inconsistent caregiving, leading to uncertainty about the caregiver's availability and responsiveness.