Ground-based monitoring stations are used to measure real-time air quality conditions, including concentrations of pollutants such as particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide.

Ground-based monitoring stations typically measure a range of pollutants, including carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and other criteria pollutants.

Ground-based monitoring stations typically use sensors to measure pollutant concentrations in real time.

Ground-based monitoring stations can be affected by local factors such as traffic and weather conditions, they can be expensive to install and maintain, and the data can be difficult to interpret and use for forecasting.

The data from ground-based monitoring stations can be used to calibrate air quality models, identify areas with high levels of pollution, and develop strategies to reduce air pollution.