The idea that knowledge is self-contained and does not require external justification.

The idea that knowledge is always provisional and subject to revision.

The idea that knowledge is a social construct and is dependent on the beliefs of others.

The idea that knowledge is a private matter and is not accessible to others.

The problem that arises when you try to justify your knowledge by appealing to other beliefs, which in turn need to be justified by other beliefs, and so on.

The problem that arises when you try to explain something by appealing to other things, which in turn need to be explained by other things, and so on.

The problem that arises when you try to prove something by appealing to other statements, which in turn need to be proved by other statements, and so on.

The problem that arises when you try to define something by appealing to other terms, which in turn need to be defined by other terms, and so on.

Epistemic closure is a solution to the problem of infinite regress.

Epistemic closure is a cause of the problem of infinite regress.

Epistemic closure is unrelated to the problem of infinite regress.

Epistemic closure is both a solution and a cause of the problem of infinite regress.

The argument from coherence: The idea that knowledge is a coherent system of beliefs that is self-supporting.

The argument from foundationalism: The idea that knowledge is based on a foundation of self-evident beliefs.

The argument from skepticism: The idea that it is impossible to justify our knowledge, so we should accept epistemic closure as a practical necessity.

All of the above.

The argument from dogmatism: The idea that epistemic closure leads to dogmatism and intolerance.

The argument from relativism: The idea that epistemic closure leads to relativism and the denial of objective truth.

The argument from progress: The idea that epistemic closure prevents us from making progress in our knowledge.

All of the above.

Yes

No

I'm not sure.

Appeal to a foundation of self-evident beliefs.

Accept epistemic closure as a practical necessity.

Use a method of justification that does not require an infinite chain of justification.

All of the above.

Believing that the Earth is round because you have seen it from space.

Believing that the sun is hot because you have felt its heat.

Believing that 2 + 2 = 4 because it is a self-evident truth.

All of the above.

Trying to justify your belief that the Earth is round by appealing to the fact that you have seen it from space.

Trying to justify your belief that the sun is hot by appealing to the fact that you have felt its heat.

Trying to justify your belief that 2 + 2 = 4 by appealing to the fact that it is a self-evident truth.

All of the above.

Epistemic closure is a response to skepticism.

Epistemic closure is a cause of skepticism.

Epistemic closure is unrelated to skepticism.

Epistemic closure is both a response to and a cause of skepticism.

Epistemic closure is a form of dogmatism.

Epistemic closure is opposed to dogmatism.

Epistemic closure is unrelated to dogmatism.

Epistemic closure can be both a form of dogmatism and opposed to dogmatism.

Epistemic closure is a form of relativism.

Epistemic closure is opposed to relativism.

Epistemic closure is unrelated to relativism.

Epistemic closure can be both a form of relativism and opposed to relativism.

Epistemic closure is a barrier to progress.

Epistemic closure is a necessary condition for progress.

Epistemic closure is unrelated to progress.

Epistemic closure can be both a barrier to progress and a necessary condition for progress.

Epistemic closure raises questions about the nature of knowledge and justification.

Epistemic closure raises questions about the relationship between knowledge and belief.

Epistemic closure raises questions about the possibility of progress in our knowledge.

All of the above.