The philosophy of music and language is primarily concerned with exploring the relationship between music and language, examining how they interact and influence each other.

Leonard Meyer is known for his theory of 'musical universals,' which posits that certain musical elements, such as rhythm, melody, and harmony, are common to all cultures.

Musical semantics refers to the idea that music can convey meaning without relying on words or language.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that music is a universal language that transcends cultural boundaries and can communicate emotions and ideas directly to the soul.

Musical expression refers to the use of music to express or evoke emotions, feelings, and ideas.

Arthur Schopenhauer proposed the idea that music is a form of 'pure' art, devoid of any representational content and capable of expressing the innermost essence of the world.

Music and language studies is the field of study that explores the relationship between music and language, examining how they interact and influence each other.

Susanne Langer argued that music is a form of 'symbolic' language, capable of representing emotions and ideas through its sounds and structures.

Musical communication refers to the use of music to communicate specific messages or ideas, often through the use of lyrics or other musical elements.

Jacques Derrida proposed the idea that music is a form of 'discourse', capable of conveying complex meanings and ideas through its sounds and structures.

Ethnomusicology is the field of study that explores the relationship between music and culture, examining how music is influenced by and reflects cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

Judith Butler argued that music is a form of 'performative' language, capable of bringing about changes in the world through its sounds and structures.

Music cognition is the field of study that explores the relationship between music and cognition, examining how music is processed and understood by the brain.

Victor Turner argued that music is a form of 'ritual' language, capable of creating and maintaining social bonds through its shared performance and participation.

Music and emotion studies is the field of study that explores the relationship between music and emotion, examining how music can evoke and influence emotions.