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Cell Membrane and Transport

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your understanding of the structure and function of the cell membrane and the various mechanisms of transport across it.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: cell membrane transport diffusion osmosis active transport
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Which of the following is a major component of the cell membrane?

  1. Phospholipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Nucleic Acids

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Phospholipids are the main structural components of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer that provides a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

  1. To regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell

  2. To provide structural support to the cell

  3. To generate energy for the cell

  4. To store genetic information

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The cell membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Which type of transport does not require energy input from the cell?

  1. Diffusion

  2. Osmosis

  3. Active Transport

  4. Facilitated Diffusion

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Diffusion is a passive transport process that occurs when particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the need for energy input.

What is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane called?

  1. Diffusion

  2. Osmosis

  3. Active Transport

  4. Facilitated Diffusion

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

  1. The movement of glucose into a cell

  2. The movement of water across a cell membrane

  3. The movement of oxygen into a cell

  4. The movement of carbon dioxide out of a cell

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Active transport is an energy-requiring process that moves substances against their concentration gradient, such as the movement of glucose into a cell.

What is the role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

  1. To bind to specific molecules and transport them across the membrane

  2. To create pores in the membrane for molecules to pass through

  3. To generate energy for the transport process

  4. To regulate the movement of water across the membrane

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carrier proteins bind to specific molecules and transport them across the membrane, facilitating their movement down their concentration gradient.

Which of the following is a characteristic of passive transport?

  1. It requires energy input from the cell

  2. It occurs against the concentration gradient

  3. It involves the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

  4. It utilizes carrier proteins or channels

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Passive transport occurs down the concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without the need for energy input.

What is the role of sodium-potassium pumps in maintaining the resting potential of a cell?

  1. To transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

  2. To transport sodium ions into the cell and potassium ions out of the cell

  3. To generate ATP for the cell

  4. To regulate the movement of water across the membrane

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sodium-potassium pumps maintain the resting potential of a cell by actively transporting sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, creating an electrochemical gradient.

Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?

  1. A solution with a higher concentration of solute than the cell

  2. A solution with a lower concentration of solute than the cell

  3. A solution with the same concentration of solute as the cell

  4. A solution with no solute

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solute than the cell, causing water to move out of the cell by osmosis.

What is the process by which cells engulf solid particles or large molecules?

  1. Diffusion

  2. Osmosis

  3. Active Transport

  4. Endocytosis

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf solid particles or large molecules by invagination of the cell membrane.

Which of the following is an example of exocytosis?

  1. The release of neurotransmitters from a neuron

  2. The uptake of glucose into a cell

  3. The movement of water across a cell membrane

  4. The engulfment of a solid particle by a cell

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Exocytosis is the process by which cells release substances from within the cell by fusion of vesicles with the cell membrane.

What is the role of the glycocalyx in cell-cell interactions?

  1. To provide structural support to the cell

  2. To regulate the movement of materials into and out of the cell

  3. To facilitate cell-cell adhesion

  4. To generate energy for the cell

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The glycocalyx is a layer of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the cell membrane that helps facilitate cell-cell adhesion and recognition.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

  1. The membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer

  2. Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer

  3. The membrane is fluid and dynamic

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a fluid and dynamic structure composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

What is the role of membrane channels in facilitated diffusion?

  1. To bind to specific molecules and transport them across the membrane

  2. To create pores in the membrane for molecules to pass through

  3. To generate energy for the transport process

  4. To regulate the movement of water across the membrane

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Membrane channels create pores in the membrane, allowing specific molecules to pass through down their concentration gradient.

Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?

  1. It requires energy input from the cell

  2. It occurs against the concentration gradient

  3. It involves the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Active transport requires energy input from the cell to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

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