Over-irrigation, or the excessive application of water to crops, is the main cause of agricultural runoff. When water is applied in excess, it cannot be absorbed by the soil and instead flows over the land, carrying pollutants with it.

Carbon dioxide is not a common pollutant found in agricultural runoff. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticides are all commonly found in agricultural runoff and can have negative impacts on water quality.

Nitrogen runoff from agriculture is a major contributor to eutrophication, which is the process by which water bodies become enriched with nutrients, leading to excessive plant growth and a decrease in oxygen levels.

Fertilizer application in the fall is not a recommended practice for reducing phosphorus runoff from agriculture. Fall application increases the risk of phosphorus loss due to heavy rains and snowmelt during the winter months.

Water runoff is the primary mode of transport for pesticides from agricultural fields to water bodies. Pesticides can be carried away by runoff water during rainfall or irrigation events.

Vitamin D deficiency is not a known health risk associated with pesticide exposure. Cancer, neurological disorders, and respiratory problems are all potential health risks associated with exposure to pesticides.

The primary goal of integrated pest management (IPM) in agriculture is to reduce the reliance on pesticides by employing a combination of biological, cultural, and chemical control methods.

Application of chemical pesticides is not a biological control method for pests in agriculture. Biological control methods involve the use of living organisms to control pests.

Crop rotation is a cultural control method used in agricultural pest management to reduce the need for pesticides. By rotating crops, farmers can disrupt the life cycle of pests and reduce their populations.

Applying fertilizers in the fall is not a recommended practice for reducing the environmental impact of fertilizers in agriculture. Fall application increases the risk of nutrient loss due to heavy rains and snowmelt during the winter months.

The primary environmental impact of agricultural pesticides on aquatic ecosystems is bioaccumulation. Pesticides can accumulate in the tissues of aquatic organisms, including fish, and can have negative effects on their health and survival.

Vitamin D deficiency is not a known consequence of agricultural pollution on human health. Water contamination, food contamination, and air pollution are all potential consequences of agricultural pollution that can have negative impacts on human health.

The primary goal of sustainable agriculture in relation to agricultural pollution is to reduce the negative impacts of agricultural activities on the environment, including water pollution, air pollution, and soil degradation.

Monoculture farming, or the practice of growing a single crop on the same land year after year, is not a key element of sustainable agriculture practices. Sustainable agriculture promotes crop rotation and diversification to improve soil health and reduce the need for pesticides.

Precision agriculture utilizes technology to collect and analyze data on crop health, soil conditions, and pest populations. This data-driven approach allows farmers to make informed decisions on pesticide application, reducing the amount of pesticides used and minimizing their environmental impact.