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Glycogenolysis: The Breakdown of Glycogen

Description: Glycogenolysis: The Breakdown of Glycogen
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: glycogenolysis glycogen glucose liver muscle
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What is the process of glycogen breakdown called?

  1. Glycogenesis

  2. Glycogenolysis

  3. Gluconeogenesis

  4. Glycolysis

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis is the process by which glycogen is broken down into glucose molecules.

Where does glycogenolysis primarily occur?

  1. Liver

  2. Muscle

  3. Brain

  4. Heart

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis primarily occurs in the liver, where glycogen is stored.

What enzyme is responsible for the initial step of glycogenolysis?

  1. Glycogen phosphorylase

  2. Glucose-6-phosphatase

  3. Hexokinase

  4. Phosphofructokinase

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogen phosphorylase is the enzyme responsible for the initial step of glycogenolysis, which is the removal of glucose molecules from glycogen.

What is the end product of glycogenolysis?

  1. Glucose-1-phosphate

  2. Glucose-6-phosphate

  3. Glucose

  4. Pyruvate

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The end product of glycogenolysis is glucose, which can be used for energy production or stored in the blood for later use.

What hormone stimulates glycogenolysis?

  1. Insulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Epinephrine

  4. Somatostatin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glucagon is the hormone that stimulates glycogenolysis, primarily in the liver.

What is the role of glucose-6-phosphatase in glycogenolysis?

  1. It removes glucose molecules from glycogen.

  2. It converts glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate.

  3. It hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.

  4. It converts glucose to glycogen.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Glucose-6-phosphatase is the enzyme that hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, which is the final step of glycogenolysis.

What is the purpose of glycogenolysis in muscle cells?

  1. To provide glucose for energy production during exercise.

  2. To maintain blood glucose levels during fasting.

  3. To store glucose for later use.

  4. To regulate insulin secretion.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In muscle cells, glycogenolysis is primarily used to provide glucose for energy production during exercise.

What is the difference between glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis?

  1. Glycogenolysis breaks down glycogen, while gluconeogenesis synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.

  2. Glycogenolysis occurs in the liver, while gluconeogenesis occurs in the muscle.

  3. Glycogenolysis is stimulated by glucagon, while gluconeogenesis is stimulated by insulin.

  4. Glycogenolysis produces glucose-6-phosphate, while gluconeogenesis produces glucose.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis breaks down glycogen into glucose, while gluconeogenesis synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino acids and lactate.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in maintaining blood glucose levels?

  1. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting.

  2. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels after a meal.

  3. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels during exercise.

  4. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels during sleep.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis helps to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting by releasing glucose into the bloodstream from glycogen stores in the liver.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in the Cori cycle?

  1. It converts lactate to glucose in the liver.

  2. It converts glucose to lactate in the muscle.

  3. It transports glucose from the liver to the muscle.

  4. It transports lactate from the muscle to the liver.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis is involved in the Cori cycle, which is a process that converts lactate produced in the muscle during exercise back to glucose in the liver.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in the fight-or-flight response?

  1. It provides glucose for energy production in the muscles.

  2. It provides glucose for energy production in the brain.

  3. It provides glucose for energy production in the heart.

  4. It provides glucose for energy production in all of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis provides glucose for energy production in the muscles, brain, and heart during the fight-or-flight response.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in the regulation of blood glucose levels?

  1. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting.

  2. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels after a meal.

  3. It helps to maintain blood glucose levels during exercise.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis helps to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting, after a meal, and during exercise.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in the regulation of insulin secretion?

  1. It stimulates insulin secretion.

  2. It inhibits insulin secretion.

  3. It has no effect on insulin secretion.

  4. It depends on the blood glucose level.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis inhibits insulin secretion, which helps to prevent blood glucose levels from rising too high after a meal.

What is the role of glycogenolysis in the regulation of glucagon secretion?

  1. It stimulates glucagon secretion.

  2. It inhibits glucagon secretion.

  3. It has no effect on glucagon secretion.

  4. It depends on the blood glucose level.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycogenolysis stimulates glucagon secretion, which helps to increase blood glucose levels during fasting and exercise.

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