Return on Investment (ROI) is a qualitative measure of investment performance, while NPV, IRR, and Payback Period are quantitative techniques.

Capital Budgeting is the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investments, while Investment Analysis is the process of evaluating individual investment opportunities.

Profitability Index is a financial ratio used to evaluate the profitability of an investment, while NPV, IRR, and Payback Period are capital budgeting methods.

The risk of an investment can be measured by its standard deviation, variance, beta, or a combination of these measures.

Operational Risk is a type of business risk, while Credit Risk, Market Risk, and Liquidity Risk are types of financial risk.

Risk Management is the process of managing financial risk, while Financial Planning is the process of creating a financial plan, Investment Analysis is the process of evaluating individual investment opportunities, and Capital Budgeting is the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investments.

Asset Allocation is a type of investment strategy, while Diversification, Hedging, and Insurance are types of risk management strategies.

Algorithmic Trading is the process of making investment decisions based on a set of predetermined rules, while Quantitative Analysis is the process of using mathematical and statistical methods to analyze financial data, Technical Analysis is the process of using historical price data to predict future price movements, and Fundamental Analysis is the process of analyzing a company's financial statements and other publicly available information to assess its value.

Statement of Retained Earnings is a financial statement that shows the changes in a company's retained earnings over a period of time, while Balance Sheet, Income Statement, and Statement of Cash Flows are all types of financial statements.

Financial Accounting is the process of preparing and analyzing financial statements, while Management Accounting is the process of providing financial information to managers to help them make decisions, Cost Accounting is the process of tracking and analyzing costs, and Auditing is the process of examining financial statements to ensure that they are accurate and reliable.

Gross Profit Margin is a type of profitability ratio, while Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin are all types of financial ratios.

Financial Ratio Analysis is the process of using financial ratios to analyze a company's financial performance, while Comparative Analysis is the process of comparing a company's financial performance to that of other companies, Trend Analysis is the process of analyzing a company's financial performance over time, and Benchmarking is the process of comparing a company's financial performance to that of a standard or industry average.

Investment Planning is a type of investment management, while Retirement Planning, Estate Planning, and Tax Planning are all types of financial planning.

Financial Management is the process of managing a company's financial resources, while Corporate Finance is the process of managing a company's financial structure, Investment Management is the process of managing a portfolio of investments, and Wealth Management is the process of managing a high-net-worth individual's financial assets.

Mutual Fund is a type of investment company, while Stock, Bond, and Derivative are all types of financial instruments.