Anaximander, a Greek philosopher and astronomer, is credited with creating the first known map of the world in the 6th century BCE.

The Babylonians were known for their advanced mathematical and astronomical knowledge, which they used to create detailed maps for various purposes.

Early maps were primarily used for navigation, helping travelers and explorers find their way across land and sea.

Eratosthenes, a Greek scholar, developed a system of latitude and longitude in the 3rd century BCE, which became the foundation for modern cartography.

Claudius Ptolemy's 'Geographia' was a comprehensive work that included maps of the world, as well as detailed descriptions of geographical features and locations.

Amerigo Vespucci's explorations and maps helped to establish the understanding that the Americas were separate continents, distinct from Asia.

Gerardus Mercator, a Flemish cartographer, developed the Mercator projection in the 16th century, which is known for its ability to represent the Earth's surface as a flat map.

Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville was a renowned French cartographer who produced highly accurate maps of France and other regions, contributing to the advancement of cartography.

Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, published by Abraham Ortelius in 1570, is considered the first modern atlas, containing a collection of maps from various sources.

John Snow, a British physician and cartographer, is renowned for his thematic maps, particularly his cholera map of London in 1854, which helped identify the source of the cholera outbreak.

The International Cartographic Association (ICA) was founded in 1922 to foster international collaboration and the advancement of cartography worldwide.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have transformed cartography by allowing the integration, analysis, and visualization of spatial data, leading to more sophisticated and informative maps.

Martin Waldseemüller's Universalis Cosmographia, published in 1507, included a map of the world that for the first time used the term "America" to refer to the New World.

Willem Blaeu, a Dutch cartographer and publisher, produced highly detailed and accurate maps of the Netherlands and other parts of the world, contributing to the development of cartography in the 17th century.

Johannes Ruysch's Orbis Terrarum Typus, published in 1508, was one of the first maps to depict the world as a globe, rather than a flat surface.