Giuseppe Verdi is an Italian composer best known for his operas, including "La Traviata", "Rigoletto", and "Aida".

Joseph Haydn is often referred to as the father of the symphony due to his significant contributions to the development of the genre.

Johann Sebastian Bach is renowned for his mastery of counterpoint and fugue, as evident in works like "The Well-Tempered Clavier" and "The Art of Fugue".

Georges Bizet is the composer of the opera "Carmen", which is known for its vibrant melodies and dramatic storyline.

Ludwig van Beethoven is a prominent figure of the Romantic period, known for his symphonies, concertos, and other works that embody the emotional intensity and expressive qualities of Romanticism.

Giacomo Puccini is renowned for his operas, including "La Bohème", "Tosca", and "Madama Butterfly", which are known for their emotional depth and beautiful melodies.

Jean Sibelius is a Finnish composer known for his works that incorporate elements of Finnish folk music and mythology, such as the tone poem "Finlandia" and the "Karelia Suite".

Igor Stravinsky is the composer of "The Rite of Spring", a ballet that pushed the boundaries of musical expression and caused a riot at its premiere in 1913.

Richard Wagner is a German composer best known for his operas, particularly the four-opera cycle "Der Ring des Nibelungen" and the tragic love story "Tristan und Isolde".

Arnold Schoenberg is a prominent figure in 20th-century music, known for his contributions to atonality and serialism, as evident in works like "Gurrelieder" and "Moses und Aron".

George Gershwin is an American composer known for his works that blend classical music with jazz and American folk influences, such as the opera "Porgy and Bess" and the "Rhapsody in Blue".

Herbert von Karajan is a renowned conductor who is known for his interpretations of classical works, particularly those of Beethoven, Brahms, and Bruckner.

Ralph Vaughan Williams is an English composer known for his works that draw inspiration from English folk music and the natural world, such as the "Pastoral Symphony" and "The Lark Ascending".

Dmitri Shostakovich is a Soviet composer known for his symphonies, concertos, and operas, which often reflect the political and social turmoil of his time.

Karlheinz Stockhausen is a German composer known for his avant-garde works that explore new sounds and techniques, such as the opera "Donnerstag aus Licht" and the electronic piece "Kontakte".