Skepticism primarily questions the limits and reliability of human knowledge, examining the extent to which we can truly know and understand the world.

The Argument from Illusion argues that our senses can deceive us, leading us to believe in the existence of things that do not truly exist, such as optical illusions.

Anti-skepticism asserts that while human knowledge may be limited, it is still possible to attain reliable and justified beliefs through reason, experience, and evidence.

The Coherence Theory of Truth posits that the truth of a belief is determined by its coherence and consistency with other beliefs within a coherent system.

The Evil Demon Hypothesis proposes that an evil demon is deceiving us, causing us to believe in the existence of an external world that does not truly exist.

Epistemological skepticism focuses on questioning the limits and reliability of human knowledge, examining the extent to which we can truly know and understand the world.

The Problem of Induction argues that our beliefs based on past experiences are unreliable because there is no guarantee that the future will resemble the past.

Anti-skepticism argues that induction is a reliable method of reasoning, allowing us to make justified inferences about the future based on past experiences.

Skeptics argue that our senses are unreliable due to their susceptibility to deception, their limited capacity to perceive all aspects of reality, and their subjective nature, which varies from person to person.

The Pragmatic Theory of Truth posits that the truth of a belief is determined by its practical consequences and its ability to guide successful action.

The Brain in a Vat Argument proposes that we are brains in a vat, connected to a supercomputer that is feeding us simulated experiences, leading us to believe in the existence of an external world that does not truly exist.

Metaphysical skepticism focuses on questioning the nature of reality, examining the fundamental structure and existence of the world.

The Testimony Argument argues that our beliefs about the external world are based on the testimony of others, which is unreliable due to the possibility of deception, error, or misinterpretation.

Anti-skepticism argues that testimony can be reliable if it is corroborated by multiple independent sources, increasing the likelihood of its accuracy.

Skeptics argue that memory is unreliable due to its susceptibility to distortion or manipulation, its limited capacity to retain all information accurately, and its subjective nature, which varies from person to person.