The primary goal of establishing MPAs is to safeguard marine ecosystems, habitats, and species, ensuring their long-term conservation and resilience.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) includes provisions for the establishment and management of MPAs as a key strategy for marine conservation and sustainable use of marine resources.

Phase-out refers to the process of gradually reducing or eliminating certain human activities and impacts within an MPA over a specified period to allow for the recovery and restoration of marine ecosystems.

Multiple-use MPAs allow for a range of activities, including fishing, while implementing regulations and management measures to ensure the long-term sustainability of marine resources and ecosystems.

Climate change, particularly rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, poses a significant threat to coral reefs worldwide, causing coral bleaching and reducing their resilience.

Marine Reserves are designated to protect specific species or habitats, typically implementing strict regulations and restrictions on human activities to ensure the conservation and recovery of these valuable ecosystems.

Restoration refers to the active process of restoring degraded marine ecosystems within an MPA, often involving interventions such as habitat enhancement, species reintroduction, and pollution remediation.

Special Management Areas are designed to accommodate traditional fishing practices and subsistence activities by local communities while implementing regulations to ensure the sustainable use of marine resources and the protection of biodiversity.

MPA Networks involve the establishment of interconnected and strategically placed MPAs to enhance the overall effectiveness of marine conservation efforts, promote species movement, and increase the resilience of marine ecosystems.

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) plays a significant role in coordinating and supporting global efforts for the establishment and management of MPAs through its various programs and initiatives focused on marine conservation.

Participatory Management involves actively engaging local communities and stakeholders in the planning, implementation, and management of MPAs, recognizing their knowledge and ensuring their involvement in decision-making processes.

Marine Reserves are designated to protect specific marine ecosystems or habitats, typically implementing strict regulations and restrictions on human activities to ensure the conservation and recovery of these valuable ecosystems.

MPA Evaluation involves assessing the effectiveness of MPAs in achieving their conservation objectives, often through monitoring programs, scientific studies, and stakeholder feedback.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) includes specific provisions and targets related to the conservation and sustainable use of marine and coastal resources, recognizing their ecological and economic importance.

MPA Networks involve the establishment of interconnected and strategically placed MPAs to enhance the overall effectiveness of marine conservation efforts, promote species movement, and increase the resilience of marine ecosystems.