Guy de Chauliac, a French surgeon, made significant contributions to surgical techniques and is considered a pioneer in the field.

Bloodletting, the removal of blood from the body, was commonly practiced as a treatment for various ailments.

The Canon of Medicine, written by Avicenna, was a comprehensive medical encyclopedia that influenced medical practices for centuries.

Medieval hospitals served multiple purposes, including providing medical care, housing the poor, and educating medical students.

Leech therapy, the application of leeches to the skin to draw blood, was a common practice in medieval medicine.

Quarantine, the isolation of individuals exposed to infectious diseases, was a key measure to prevent the spread of disease.

Galen, a Greek physician, made significant contributions to the understanding of anatomy and physiology, which influenced medical practices for centuries.

Physical examination, including observation of symptoms and palpation, was the primary method of diagnosing diseases.

The Herbarium, a collection of herbal remedies, was a valuable resource for medieval physicians.

Bandaging was the primary method of treating wounds, as suturing was not widely practiced.

Cauterization, the application of heat to the skin, was used to treat various ailments.

Quarantine was the primary measure to prevent the spread of the plague, although its effectiveness was limited.

The Surgery, written by Guy de Chauliac, was a comprehensive guide to surgical techniques and instruments.

Confinement, often in asylums or monasteries, was the primary method of treating mental illness.