BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems, enabling the internet to function as a single, interconnected network.

The routing table contains information about the available paths to different networks and helps determine the best route for data packets to reach their destination.

A hop in routing refers to a single step or transition from one network device to another as data packets travel towards their destination.

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a simple and widely used routing algorithm that is commonly implemented in small networks due to its ease of configuration and maintenance.

A default gateway is a router that serves as the exit point for data packets leaving a network, allowing devices on the network to access the internet.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol designed for large and complex networks, providing efficient routing and scalability.

Subnet masking is used to divide a network into smaller segments, allowing for more efficient IP address management and improved network performance.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is commonly used in enterprise networks and supports multiple routing metrics, providing flexibility and optimization in routing decisions.

A routing metric is used to calculate the cost of a path, considering factors such as distance, delay, and bandwidth, to determine the best route for data packets.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is known for its fast convergence time, making it suitable for mission-critical networks where rapid adaptation to network changes is essential.

A routing loop occurs when data packets are sent in an endless loop between two or more network devices, causing network congestion and disrupting data transmission.

MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is commonly used in service provider networks and supports traffic engineering, allowing for the optimization of data traffic flow and improved network performance.

A routing policy defines the rules and criteria used to control how data packets are forwarded in a network, influencing the path selection and traffic management.

OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) is commonly used in wireless networks and supports dynamic routing, enabling efficient route discovery and adaptation to changing network conditions.

Route summarization is used to reduce the size of routing tables by combining multiple routes into a single, more general route, improving routing efficiency and reducing network overhead.