Phase Correlation Registration is a technique used for image alignment, not image registration.

Image registration aims to align two or more images of the same scene taken from different viewpoints or under different conditions.

Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) is a widely used intensity-based image registration technique that measures the similarity between two images based on the correlation of their pixel intensities.

Feature-based image registration techniques rely on identifying and matching corresponding features between images to establish a transformation that aligns them.

Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is a widely used feature-based image registration technique that extracts and matches keypoints between images.

The transformation model in image registration defines the geometric relationship between the input images and is used to warp one image to match the geometry of the other.

Affine Transformation is a widely used transformation model in image registration that represents linear transformations with translation, rotation, scaling, and shearing.

Optimization algorithms are used in image registration to estimate the transformation parameters that align the input images by minimizing a cost function that measures the similarity between the images.

Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm is a widely used optimization algorithm for image registration due to its efficiency and robustness in finding the optimal transformation parameters.

Evaluation metrics are used in image registration to quantitatively assess the accuracy of the alignment between the input images.

Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) is a widely used evaluation metric for image registration that measures the structural similarity between the aligned images.

Image registration faces several challenges, including handling large deformations and occlusions, dealing with noise and artifacts in images, and selecting the appropriate transformation model and optimization algorithm.

Image registration finds applications in various fields, including medical imaging, remote sensing, and computer vision.

Image registration plays a crucial role in medical imaging by aiding in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, facilitating image-guided surgery and therapy, and enabling longitudinal studies and monitoring disease progression.

Recent advancements in image registration techniques include deep learning-based image registration, multi-modal image registration, and deformable image registration.