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Cell Structure and Function

Description: Biology Cell: Structure and FunctionCell: Structure and FunctionCell: Structure and Function
Number of Questions: 20
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Tags: Biology Cell: Structure and Function
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Which of the following organisms do not have mitochondria? (1) Green algae (2) Bacteria (3) Fungal cells (4) RBC of mammals

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 2 and 3 only

  3. 2 and 4 only

  4. 1, 2, and 3 only

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Mitochondria are absent in both bacteria as well as RBC of mammals.

Which of the following is not correctly matched?

  1. Photorespiration - Peroxisome

  2. ATP Synthesis - Ribosome

  3. Production of ribosomal subunits - Nucleolus

  4. Maintaining structure of the cell - Microtubules

  5. Increasing surface area of plasma membrane - Mesosome

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The mitochondria play a central role in making chemical energy available to the cell (ATP Synthesis). Ribosomes are the sites for protein synthesis.

Which of the following are semi-autonomous organelles?

  1. Mitochondria and golgi apparatus

  2. Chloroplast and mitochondria

  3. Golgi apparatus and lysosomes

  4. Chloroplast and golgi apparatus

  5. Mitochondria and lysosomes

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Although they exist within cells, chloroplasts and mitochondria are sometimes referred to as semi-autonomous organelles because they contain their own DNA and reproduce independently of the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell in which they are located.

Which of the following cell organelle was discovered by Altman?

  1. Chondriosome

  2. Centrosome

  3. Microtubule

  4. Vacuoles

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Mitochondria, at times referred to as chondriosomes were discovered by R. Altman.

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

  1. Acrosomes are produced by Golgi complex.

  2. The principal protein of cilia and flagella is globulin.

  3. Centrosome is responsible for initiation of cell division.

  4. The site for detoxification reaction in liver is SER.

  5. Cellular organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes are lysosomes.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The principal protein of cilia and flagella is tubulin.

Tonoplasts are ___________.

  1. cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris

  2. aggregation of several ribosomes held together by a single strand of m-RNA

  3. differentially permeable membranes surrounding the vacuole

  4. transmembrane glycoproteins, which are located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

  5. the part of a cell that helps to organize microtubules and are involved in mitosis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Tonoplasts are differentially permeable membranes surrounding the vacuole. 

Transcription occurs in ___________.

  1. heterochromatin

  2. euchromatin

  3. nuclear envelope

  4. nuclear pore

  5. nucleolus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Euchromatin participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products.

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding mitochondria?

  1. Mitochondria are cell organelles with electrons transport system.

  2. Solar energy is converted into ATP in mitochondria.

  3. Syntesis of ATP in mitochondria takes place at the cristae.

  4. The enzymes for Kreb’s cycle in mitochondria are located in perimitochondrial space.

  5. Mitochondria are yellow in colour due to presence of riboflavin.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The enzymes for Kreb’s cycle in mitochondria are located in mitochondrial matrix.

Which of the following are not true for ribosomes? (1) Discovered by Palade (2) Negatively charged particles (3) Single membrane bounded cell organelle (4) Site for fat synthesis

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 1 and 3 only

  3. 2 and 3 only

  4. 2 and 4 only

  5. 3 and 4 only

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Ribosomes are cell organelles without membrane. Ribosomes are the sites for protein synthesis. 

Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane is given by ____________.

  1. Plowe

  2. Nageli and Cramer

  3. Davson and Danielli

  4. Robertson

  5. Singer and Nicolson

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane is given by Singer and Nicolson.

Which of the following is a set of cell components without membrane?

  1. Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosome

  2. Ribosome, Nucleolus, Chromosome

  3. Lysosome, Ribosome, Chromosome

  4. Nucleolus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi complex

  5. Ribosome, Nucleolus, Lysosome

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ribosome, Nucleolus, Chromosome: All are cell components without membrane.

Which of the following is the wrong statement?

  1. ER is attached with nuclear membrane.

  2. The strength and rigidity of cell wall is due to cellulose.

  3. Enzymes found in lysosomes are hydrolytic enzymes.

  4. Steroidal hormone is synthesized by smooth ER.

  5. Aleuroplasts are protein storage plastids.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The strength and rigidity of cell wall is due to lignin.

Consider the following statements regarding plant cell. Which of the following is/are false?

  1. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall on the outside.
  2. Spindle formed during nuclear division is amphistral.
  3. Reserve food material is generally starch.
  4. Plastids are usually absent.

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 1 and 3 only

  3. 2 and 3 only

  4. 2 and 4 only

  5. 2, 3, and 4 only

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In plants, spindle formed during nuclear division is anastral. Plastids are found in plant cells.

Lysosomes and vesicles originate from __________.

  1. smooth ER

  2. rough ER

  3. Golgi apparatus

  4. Mitochondria

  5. Nucleus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Both lysosomes and vesicles originate from Golgi apparatus.

Which of the following is not a common feature of both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  1. Semi-autonomous organelles

  2. Enveloped by two unit membranes

  3. Presence of thylakoid membranes

  4. Presence of circular DNA and three types of DNA

  5. Energy transducing organelles

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Chloroplast contains thylakoid membranes and pigment molecules, which are not found in mitochondria.

Consider the following statements regarding eukaryotic cells. Which of the following is/are incorrect?

  1. Transcription occurs in nucleus while translation takes place in cytoplasm.
  2. Nuclear DNA is circular while extranuclear DNA is linear.
  3. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies are absent.

  1. 1 only

  2. 1 and 2 only

  3. 1 and 3 only

  4. 2 and 3 only

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nuclear DNA is linear while extranuclear DNA is circular in eukaryotic cells. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies are present in eukaryotic cells.

All of the following are parts of prokaryotic cells, except _________.

  1. mitochondria

  2. plasmids

  3. ribosomes

  4. vacuoles

  5. vesicles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, such as mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus, etc.

Which of the following are double membrane bounded cell organelles?

  1. Golgi complex, Vacuole, Nucleus

  2. Centriole, Vacuole, Chloroplast

  3. Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplast

  4. Centrosome, Centriole, Nucleolus

  5. Mitochondria, Centrosome, Golgi complex

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts: Cell components with double membranes

Which of the following pairs of ‘cell organelle and discoverer’ is not correct?

  1. Ribosome – Palade

  2. Lysosome – Duve

  3. Centrosome – Boveri

  4. Nucleolus – Robert Brown

  5. Golgi apparatus – Camillo Golgi

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nucleolus was discovered by Felice Fontana. Nucleus was discovered by Robert Brown. 

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