Conservatism emphasizes the importance of tradition, order, and stability, and seeks to preserve existing institutions and values.

Edmund Burke is widely regarded as the father of modern conservatism due to his writings and speeches defending traditional values and institutions during the French Revolution.

Laissez-faire is a French term meaning 'let do' and refers to the economic policy of minimal government intervention in the market.

Russell Kirk, an American conservative thinker, advocated for the role of the state in promoting morality and virtue, arguing that a stable society requires a moral foundation.

Nationalism is a political ideology that emphasizes the importance of national identity and sovereignty, often leading to a desire for self-determination and independence.

The New Right was a conservative movement in the United States that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s, opposing the New Deal and the Great Society programs and advocating for free-market economics and traditional values.

Personal responsibility is a conservative principle that emphasizes the importance of individuals taking responsibility for their own actions and choices, rather than relying on government assistance.

Milton Friedman, an American economist and Nobel laureate, was a prominent advocate of free-market economics and argued that it is the most efficient and just way to organize an economy.

National security is a conservative principle that emphasizes the importance of maintaining a strong military and defense capabilities to protect a nation's sovereignty and interests.

The New Right was a conservative movement in the United Kingdom that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, led by Margaret Thatcher, and advocated for free-market economics, deregulation, and traditional values.

Fiscal conservatism is a conservative principle that emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balanced budget, reducing government debt, and exercising fiscal discipline.

Ayn Rand, an American novelist and philosopher, was a strong advocate of capitalism and argued that it is the only moral economic system because it respects individual rights and promotes freedom.

Social conservatism is a conservative principle that emphasizes the importance of traditional family values, social norms, and religious beliefs.

The Tea Party Movement was a conservative movement in the United States that emerged in the 1990s and 2000s, advocating for limited government, free markets, and traditional values.

Personal responsibility is a conservative principle that emphasizes the importance of individuals taking responsibility for their own actions and choices, rather than relying on government assistance.