Seliwanoff’s test is a specific test for ketohexoses. Concentrated hydrochloric acid dehydrates ketohexoses to form furfural derivatives, which condense with resorcinol to give a cherry red complex.

Cellulose, chitin and pectin: All are structural polysaccharides

Glycogen synthase is an enzyme involved in converting glucose to glycogen.

Chromoproteins are proteins, such as hemoglobin or rhodopsin containing a pigmented nonprotein group, as heme, riboflavin, or retinal.

Arabinoxylans are found in both the primary and secondary cell walls of plants and are the copolymers of two pentose sugars: arabinose and xylose.

Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme involved in glycolysis. It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP.

Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar which does not react with Benedict's reagent.

Keratin - A fibrous scleroprotein that occurs in the outer layer of the skin and in horny tissues such as hair, feathers, nails, and hooves Collagen - A fibrous scleroprotein in bone and cartilage and tendon and other connective tissue; yields gelatin on boiling Elastin - A fibrous scleroprotein found in elastic tissues such as the walls of arteries.

Streptokinase is used to dissolve blood clots that have formed in the blood vessels. 

RuBisCO (Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase) is thought to be the most abundant protein in the world, since it is present in every plant that undergoes photosynthesis and molecular synthesis through Calvin cycle.

Salkowski's test is a test for cholesterol. When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to a chloroform solution of cholesterol, the chloroform layer shows red. The Liebermann–Burchard or acetic anhydride test is used for the detection of cholesterol. The formation of a green or green-blue colour after a few minutes is positive.

Cholesterol circulates in blood stream chiefly as low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL).

Nitrate reductases are molybdenum containing enzymes that reduce nitrate to nitrite. Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is a molybdenum-containing hydroxylase involved in oxidative metabolism of purines. 

Biotin (Vitamin B₇) is also called anti-egg white injury factor because, egg white contains a protein called avidin, which combines with biotin in the intestinal tract and prevents absorption of biotin from intestines.

Uracil (2, 4-dioxypyrimidine) is not a part of DNA.

Thymine (2, 4-dioxy-5-methylpyrimidine) is not a part of RNA.

Pernicious anaemia caused when the body does not make enough red blood cells due to lack of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂). Pyridoxine deficiency (also known as B₆ deficiency) is a paediatric disease due to a lack of pyridoxine (or vitamin B₆).

Chemical name of vitamin B₅ is pantothenic acid. Chemical name of vitamin B₇ is biotin.

Cysteine is a sulphur containing α-amino acid with the chemical formula HOOCCH(NH₂)CH₂SH. Methionine is sulphur containing α-amino acid with the chemical formula HOOCCH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂SCH₃.

Heparin is heteropolysaccharide composed of D-glucuronic acid, L-iduronic acid and N-sulfo-D-glucosamine. Hyaluronic acid is heteropolysaccharide composed of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Chondroitin-4-sulfate heteropolysaccharide composed of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-4-O-sulfate.